summarize factors affecting food choice
- Culture: acceptable foods, customs (i.e. celebration, illness), food symbolism, religious beliefs
- nutrition knowledge/beliefs: health concerns, attitudes/values, education
- food preferences (primarily learned): taste, smell, colour, texture, temperature, heredity (supertasters), familiarity
- practical considerations: food availability/cost, hunger, convenience, health status
* ** most important- forms most strict limit
define culture, describe influence on diet
- learned throughout life
- customary way of thinking/acting
- always changing
- system shared beliefs, values, behaviors, artifacts
impacts:
- how food is acquired/stored
- which foods are selected for consumption
- meal patterns
- how foods are prepared
- attitudes toward food
define: acculturation, ethnocentrism, cultural relativism
acculturation: adoption of behaviour patterns of surrounding culture. changes in culture, customs, food, clothing, language
ethnocentrism: belief that one’s value system/lifestyle is most appropriate. judging another culture by values of own. expressed with disapproval, anger, disgust, disbelief, amusement
cultural relativism: beliefs, values, customs, behaviours, ethics is relative to social context. belief that there are no right/wrong cultures, just different.
describe how modern food habits have developed (inc. Agriculture and Industrial Revolutions)
body functions best with diet emphasis on lean protein, high fiber, complex carbs, vegetables and fruit. minimal sodium/sugar
agriculture revolution: human culture moved away from hunter-gatherer to agr. 12,000 years ago
industrial revolution: changes in agriculture/industry (tools, machines) began UK 1750-1850. processes including refining whole grain (remove fiber/vitamin to last longer), refining sugar, pasteurization and refrigeration (safer food), canned food, hydrogenation of fat (less healthy, stores better). INCREASED FOOD PROCESSING AND CONSUMPTION OF PROCESSED FOODS
importance of social determinants of health
= conditions in which ppl born, grow, work, age. shaped by distribution of money, power, resources at various levels. responsible for health inequities includes: - income & social status - physical environments - employment/working condtiions - education/literacy -social support - childhood experiences - gender - race - indigeneity - culture
influence of religion on food choice
Jewish: Kosher=acceptable. pork is not kosher
Islam: Halal= what is permitted. non-halal foods= pork, animals slaughtered not in accordance, alcohol
