Flexible Manufacturing > Module 7 > Flashcards

Module 7 Flashcards

(36 cards)

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1
Q

Name 6 Products with Quality Control Issues

A
  1. Samsung Galaxy Note 7
  2. General Motors
  3. Romaine Lettuce
  4. McDonald’s
  5. Red Dead Remption II
  6. Boeing 787
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2
Q

What is the traditional defintion of Quality?

A

Fitness for use

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3
Q

Fill in the blank:

Quality is ____ to Variability

A

Inversely Proportional

NOTE: This is also the “modern” definition of Quality

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4
Q

What does Quality mean from a Business Standpoint?

HINT: There are 6 answers

A
  • Eliminating Waste
  • Consistency
  • Compliance with Polices & Standards
  • Doing it right the first time
  • Customer Satisfaction
  • Achieving Perfection
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5
Q

What does Quality mean from the Customer Point of View?

HINT: There are 2 answers

A
  • Value with respect to price
  • Fitness for intended use
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6
Q

What does Quality mean from the Operations View?

A

Conformance to specifications

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7
Q

What is Sadeem’s defintion of Quality?

HINT: There are 2 answers

A

Delivering the right product/service, at the right performance to the right customer, at the right time & quantity

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8
Q

How do you measure Quality?

HINT: THere are 8 answers

A
  • Performance
  • Aesthetics
  • Reliability
  • Features
  • Durability
  • Perceived Quality
  • Serviceability
  • Conformance to Standards

These are also called Dimensions of Quality

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9
Q

Define Performance

A

Refers to the ability of a product to effectively fulfill its intended function

Does the product perform as expected in achieving its designated purpose?

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10
Q

Define Aesthetics

A

Describes the visual, tactile, auditory, and sensory qualities of the product

How does the product appear, feel, sound, or even smell?

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11
Q

Define Reliability

A

The probability that the product will operate without failure within a specified time frame

How consistently does the product perform without issues?

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12
Q

Define Durability

A

The anticipated lifespan of the product

How long is the product expected to remain functional before requiring replacement or significant repair?

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13
Q

Define Perceived Quality

A

The quality of the product as inferred from external factors such as brand reputation, user reviews, and indirect assessments

How is the product or company regarded in the marketplace?

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14
Q

Define Serviceability

A

The ease and efficiency with which the product can be repaired or maintained when necessary

How quickly and cost-effectively can the product be restored to working order?

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15
Q

Define Conformance to Standards

A

The extent to which the product meets the specified design and industry standards

Is the product manufactured in accordance with the intended specifications and quality benchmarks?

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16
Q

Define Cost of Quality

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A

The total cost incurred by an organization to prevent, identify, and rectify defects in its products or services

Also includes the costs resulting from poor quality

17
Q

True or False…

Does the COQ include both ‘Cost of Good Quality’ & ‘Cost of Poor Quality’?

COQ = Cost Of Quality

18
Q

What are the 3 quality categories that the PAF paradigm can be divded into?

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A
  1. Prevention
  2. Appraisal
  3. Failure
19
Q

Define Prevention Cost

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A

Cost associated with preventing defects and imperfections from occurring

20
Q

List 7 types of Prevention Costs

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A
  • Costs of training
  • Quality planning
  • Process engineering
  • Process improvement activities
  • Preventive maintenance
  • Supplier quality evaluation
  • Developing quality management systems (e.g., ISO 9001)

And other costs associated with assuring quality beforehand

21
Q

Define Appraisal Costs

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A

The direct costs of measuring, inspecting, and monitoring to ensure that quality standards are being met

22
Q

List 7 types of Appraisal Costs

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A
  • Lab testing
  • Inspections
  • Test equipment and materials
  • Losses because of destructive test
  • Costs associated with assessment for ISO 9000:2008 or other awards.
  • Calibration of measuring equipment
  • Performance testing and verification
23
Q

Define Failure Costs

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A

Costs incurred by a manufacturer when it produces defective goods

24
Q

What are the 2 types of Failure Costs?

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A
  • Internal failure costs
  • External failure costs
25
Define **Internal Failure Costs**
Results from quality failures that are found prior to shipment to customers | Costs associated with on-line failure
26
What are **5 examples** of **Internal Failure Costs**?
* Scrap * Rework * Re-testing * Re-inspection or re-testing * Downtime caused by quality issues | Famous Example? Cybertruck's window getting its shii rocked by a ball
27
Define **External Failure Costs**
Costs that are associated with product failure after the production process | This includes failure after the customer takes possession of the product
28
What are **5 examples** of **External Failure Costs**?
* Warranty claims * Product returns or recalls * Repairs or replacements * Loss of customer goodwill or reputation * Legal liabilities | Famous examples? Samsung Note 7 'splodin or GM recall
29
What are the **3 Realms of Quality**?
* Quality Planning * Quality Assurance * Quality Control/Implementation
30
Define **Quality Planning**
Identify the customer's needs and creating quality standards that are relevant to the product
31
# For **Quality Planning**... What are the **5 key activities**?
* Define quality objectives and requirements dentify applicable standards (e.g., ISO, ASTM, customer specs) * Determine quality metrics and measurement methods * Plan quality activities, tools, and responsibilities * Develop a Quality Management Plan (QMP) or Quality Plan
32
Define **Quality Assurance**
Ensure the quality levels are met, during production, in order to prevent defects
33
# For **Quality Assurance**... What are the **5 key activites**?
* Conduct process audits and reviews * Ensure compliance with established standards and procedures * Train personnel on quality systems and methods * Implement continuous improvement initiatives (e.g., PDCA cycle) * Review design and process documentation
34
Define **Quality Control (and Improvement)**
A reactive process to ensure that standards (created in the Quality Planning) have been achieved and all defects have been corrected
35
# For **Quality Control (and Improvement)**... What are the **5 key activites**?
* Develop inspection and test plans (ITPs) * Define acceptance criteria and sampling methods * Perform inspections, measurements, and tests * Record and analyze results * Take corrective and preventive actions
36
What's the difference **Quality Assurance** and **Quality Control**?
QA = How a process is performed or how a product is made QC = How is the inspection aspect of quality management ## Footnote QA = Quality Assurance QC = Quality Control
Flexible Manufacturing
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