What are the 4 basic principles of the evolutionary perspective?
1) Physical traits are shaped by genetics, not determined
2) Certain traits increase the odds of survival or reproduction (natural selection)
3) Genes that influence these traits are more likely to be passed onto the next generation
4) Over several generations, these genes will be bred out/into of the gene pool, thus naturally selecting the genes that produce the best result
How is genetic information organized?
Base Pairs (letters together) - Genes (segments of DNA) - Chromosomes (structure of DNA) - Genome (instructions)
What is a Genome?
Complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all genetic material in that organism’s chromosomes
What is a Chromosome?
Threadlike structure of DNA molecules that contain genes
What is DNA?
Millions of pairs of DNA molecules that contain genes
What is a Gene?
Biochemical units of heredity that make up chromosomes, small segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins
What is the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins?
Monozygotic twins are identical twins from a single fertilized egg; dizygotic twins are fraternal from two separate eggs
What is the behavioral similarities of identical and fraternal twins?
Identical twins are very alike in personality and looks, fraternal twins don’t.
What is Epigenetics?
Study of molecular mechanisms that environments can influence genetic expression. Experiences create epigenetic marks, which regulate gene expression
