1
Q
monomer
A
smaller unit
2
Q
examples of monomers
A
- amino acids
- glucose
3
Q
examples of polymers
A
- lipids
- proteins
- DNA
- starch
4
Q
3 types of carbs
A
1) monosaccharides
2) disaccharides
3) polysaccharides
5
Q
monosaccharide general formula
A
CnH2nOn
6
Q
examples of monosaccharides
A
- fructose
- glucose
- galactose
= hexose sugars ( 6 carbon atoms)
fgg
7
Q
examples of disaccharides
A
- lactose
- maltose
- sucrose
lms
8
Q
what’s glucose split into?
A
alpha and beta
9
Q
examples of polysaccharides
A
- glycogen
- cellulose
- starch
gcs
10
Q
monosasccharide of glycogen
A
alpha glucose
11
Q
structure of glycogen
A
- long unbranched chains + side branches
- 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
Polysaccharide of α-glucose;
2. (Joined by) glycosidic bonds
12
Q
properties of glycogen
A
- lots of branches = increase SA for enzymes to hydrolyse glycosidic bonds allowing glucose to be released quickly
- compact molecule = good for storage
13
Q
monosaccharide of cellulose
A
beta glucose
14
Q
structure of cellulose
A
1,4 glycosidic bonds
15
Q
properties of cellulose
A
- Long and straight chains;
2. Become linked together by many hydrogen bonds to form fibrils;
3. Provide strength
16
Q
monosaccharide of starch
A
alpha glucose
17
Q
structure of starch
A
mix of amylose and amylopectin
18
Q
amylose
A
- long unbranched chains
- 1,4 glycosidic bonds
- coiling makes it compact so stores more in a smaller space
19
Q
amylopectin
A
- long branched chains
- 1,6 glycosidic chains
- insoluble in water so doesn’t affect osmosis
20
Q
Describe how monomers join to form the primary structure of a protein.
A
- Condensation reaction between amino acids;
- (Forming) peptide bonds;
- Creating sequence of amino acids
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