motion

Question 1

list the 3 types of motion.

Answer 1

1. linear
2. general
3. angular

Question 2

describe linear motion

Answer 2

when a body and all parts connected to it travels at the same time in the same direction and same speed.
e.g. ball moving in a straight line.

• linear motion is advantageous in a lot of sports as it allows better performance due to less unnecessary movements, thus less energy needed.
• e.g in swimming, having linear movements is vital to reduce the resistance from the water as much as possible. this allows faster speed and time.

Question 3

describe general motion.

Answer 3

refers to the combination of linear and angular motion. it occurs when an object moves both along a straight path and rotates or spins around an axis simultaneoulsy.
e.g. sprinting - running in a straight line with arm/legs moving in angular motion.

• usually, most movements are general as e.g. sports may require athletes to move in a straight (linear) line but their limbs will cause angular movements.
• thus, general motion is the most common type of motion

Question 4

describe angular motion.

Answer 4

refers to the rotation or movement of an object around a fixed point or axis. involves circular or rotational movements.
e.g. high jump

Question 5

define speed.

Answer 5

• the measure of how fast an object is moving
• usually measured in km/h
  calculation: speed = distance/time

Question 6

define distance

Answer 6

• the measure of how far apart two objects or locations are from each other
• usually measured in km, m, miles or cm.

Question 7

define velocity (v)

Answer 7

• describes how fast an object is moving in a particular direction
• like speed with direction
• usually measured in m/s
  calculation: velocity = displacement/time

Question 8

define acceleration

Answer 8

• the measure of how quickly an object’s speed is changing
• it can mean its speed is increasing or decreasing
• usually measured in m/s/s
  calculation: Velocity 1 - Velocity 2/Time

Question 9

define displacement (d)

Answer 9

• refers to the change in position of an object or person form its initial point to its final point
• measures how far and in what direction the object moved from the starting point
  (think of it as the fasted route from the starting to end point!!)

Question 10

define change

Answer 10

• refers to the difference or alteration in a particular quantity
• closely related to how an object’s speed is altering over time

Question 11

define momentum

Answer 11

• describes how much push an object has when its moving
• combines a object’s mass and its velocity into one concept
• usually measured in kg x m/s
  calculation: momentum = mass x velocity

Question 12

define mass

Answer 12

• a measure of how much matter an object contains
• it’s different from weight - weight is the force with which an object is pulled towards the centre of the Earth due to gravity, while mass stays the same regardless of the location on the universe
• usually measured in g or kg.