what is a motor programme
a plan of action stored in the long term memory that specifies what movements a skill is composed of and in what order these occur
it is predetermined
when is the motor programme selected
in the decision making stage
how are the retrieved from LTM
a single decision
what do motor programmes control
what muscles are contracted in what order and with what timing
run in the STM
what put the motor programmes into effect
the effector mechanism
the nerves and muscles which serve the limbs involved in the movement
what does a motor programme consist of
related parts called sub routines
what is executive motor programming
are a series of sub routines organised into the correct sequence in oder to perform a movement
organises them also into a hierarchy scheme of most important/ first movement
when can you not perform an executive programme
if you haven’t already mastered any of the other sub routines
how does motor programming link to stages of learning
the lowest of subroutines are carried out automatically as they have been learned since early life
as performer becomes more skilful, executive routines become subroutines for larger executive programmes
eg for a badminton player an overhead clear becomes a sub routine in the executive programme
how are motor programmes accessed
movement control and the recall of motor programmes occur at levels dependent on the degree in which the performers CNS is involved
how can increased recall if motor programmes
through practice
what are the 3 theories of motor programmes
closed loop control theory
open loop control theory
schema theory
what is the closed loop control theory
focuses on intrinsic feedback / errors detected and possible correction during performance
can adjust
process is cyclical:
movement control
movement commands
movement errors
feedback
what is the open loop control theory
focuses on all the information being sent as a single message for the movement not reliant on feedback
can’t adjust
process is linear:
movement control
movement commands
movement errors
what is schema theory in regards to the other theories
challenges both theories and slates that motor programmes are cluster together and are interchangeable in response to situation making them adaptable
what is schema theory
a generalised motor programme which can be adapted
a general set of rules
essential that practice is varied as much as possible to strengthen schemas
recall and recognition is used to identify correct MP and control MP
eg throwing schema
