What is the three step process of movement analysis (MA)?
- Observe
- Evaluate
- Prescribe
Three phases of a turn
- Initiation
- Shaping
- Finish
Questions to consider while observing a skier’s for/aft pressure control
- Are the ankle, knee, and hip joints flexing?
- Is the spine slanted forwards, upright, or aft?
- Are some joints flexed more than others or are they flexing proportionate to each other ?
- Does the flexion of the joints move throughout the turn or do they remain fixed and don’t flex and extend?
Questions to consider for student’s Rotational Control
- Is the upper body rotating before the lower body or is it stable with active leg rotation?
- How much does the body rotate and where does the movement occur during the turn?
- Do both legs turn the same amount, at the same time, or in the same direction?
Questions to consider while observing student’s Edge Control
- What parts of the body are tipping?
- What part(s) of the body is/are angulating?
- How much are they angulating?
4.How is the combination of angulation and inclination? - Is there too much of one over the other?
- Do both legs tip the same amount, at the same time, or in the same direction?
Flexion
The action of bending a limb or joint
Questions to consider while observing a skier’s Foot to Foot pressure control
- What’s the relationship between the legs- is one more bent?
- How flexed are the two legs and when does it occur in the turn?
Angulation
The intentional tilting of different body parts in various directions to create angles at the joints- especially the hips and knees.
Inclination
The overall tilt of the body relative to the ground.
Represents the angle of between the base of support and the center of mass (CM) of an object.
Pressure Control questions (for/aft and Ski to Ski)
- Where is the pressure (towards the tip, middle or tail)? Does that change throughout the turn?
- What is the relationship between the two skis? Does one ski have more pressure than the other? Do they have about the same amount of pressure on each ski?
- Does a ski ever get lifted from the snow?
Rotation Control Questions
- What shape are the skis tracking in a turn: C, J or Z shape?
- Is one ski turning at a faster rate than the other or are they both turning simultaneously?
- Does one ski start turning before the other?
Edge Control Questions
- How much are the skis edging?
- Is the amount of edge angle changing or staying the same?
- Is one ski edging greater than the other?
- Does one ski tip onto the new edge before the other?
What does DIRT stand for?
Duration
Intensity
Rate
Timing
Duration
The length of time a movement occurs.
Intensity
The amount of power given to a movement.
Rate
The speed at which movement occurs
Edging movements occur at a faster rate in shorter or longer radius turns.
Shorter
Timing
When movement occurs
What causes the center of mass (CM) to be over the tail of their ski?
They are pressuring the tails of their skis in the shaping phase because their ankles are not flexed enough and their knees are bent too much.
What causes the inside ski to have more pressure than the outside ski?
Knees and hips bent very similar to each other
Torso is leaning to the side of the turn during the finish phase
What occurs when a skier to turns their torso into the turn before their legs at the Initiation Phase?
The outside ski turns first and faster than the inside ski.
The inside ski turns little and the skier hasn’t started turning much overall.
Fore/Aft Pressure Control: Initiation Phase
The skier should bend her ankles and hips, keeping her spine and shins parallel, to shift pressure to the center of the skis and create a smooth, round turn
Fore/Aft Pressure Control: Shaping Phase
The skier should bend her ankles and hips forward to keep pressure centered, helping the skis stay engaged and shape the turn.
Fore/Aft Pressure Control: Finish
Bend ankles and hips even more, keeping spine and shins forward and parallel, to maintain a smooth, steady turn
