patterns of socioeconomic wellbeing - population
doubled since 1991 - due to migrants from other parts of india seeking better employment
- 16 major languages spoken
- 60% of mumbaikars live in slums
patterns of socioeconomic wellbeing - dharavi slums
home to micro industries which produce over $650m annually
- poor conditions
- 300k people per square kilometer
- toilet shared by 1000+ people
- utilities not always available
government led dharavi redevelopment project
those who can prove residency since 2000 are provided with new 300 sq ft house for free
- concern that community networks are lost
unsustainable conditions
- IPCC predicted that mumbai will be 2nd most at risk city from climate change
- slum areas lack adequate sanitation
- road networks carried million of cars each day leading to air pollution
- increasing population produces more waste
- disease rates increasing putting pressure on healthcare
sustainable strategies - the greater mumbai disaster management plan
in response to 2005 flooding
- identified future risks
- identified vulnerabilities:
inadquate storm drainage system
uncontrolled northern suburbs
destruction of mangroves
- widened and deepend the mithi river to drain into arabian sea
nature and impact of physical conditions - climate
tropical
- south west monsoon brings heavy rainfall to city between june and september
nature and impact of physical conditions - july 2005
900+mm of rainfall - combined with high tides caused flooding
- electricity, water, communication and public transport shut down
- 400 deaths
- 10k homes destroyed
- city lost £1.2 billion
character - environmental issues in mumbai
- less than 0.03 acres of open space per 1000
- nitrogen oxide levels 3x safe limit
- 7.5m use local trans per day
- 11k tones of rubbish to landfills each day
- informal recycling
- 57% growth in car use in 8 years
