Reciprocal Inhibition
When an agonist contracts, its functional antagonist relaxes to allow movement to occur at a joint.
Synergists
Muscles that assist prime movers during functional movement patterns.
Stabilizers
Muscles that support or stabilize the body while the prime movers and the synergists perform the movement patterns.
The functional unit of muscle
Sarcomere
Titin
“The Third Filament”
Protein that runs the entire length of the sarcomere and is thought to be responsible for muscle elasticity, preventing the actin and myosin filaments from being pulled apart and assisting the muscle to return to its resting length after being stretched
A muscles ability to produce tension is directly proprotionate to…
It’s length
Synergistic Dominance
When a synergist overcompensates for its weaker prime mover
When inhibited neural drive allows a muscle’s functional antagonist to pull it into a chronically elongated state, what is the result?
Underactive / Elongated state
When elevated neural drive causes a muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction.
Overactive / Shortened Muscle
What are the two primary muscle SYSTEM types? (Think kinesiology)
Global Muscles - create movement
Local Muscles - stabilize
What type of muscle fiber do local muscles typically have?
Slow twitch, or Type 1
What is the difference between Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
Hypertrophy is Increase in cell size
Hypertrophy is Increase in cell number
What are the muscle subsystems?
PLAD (think the interconnected muscles and interconnected pattern of plaid)
- Posterior oblique subsystem
- Lateral subsystem
- Anterior oblique subsystem
- Deep longitudinal subsystem
What are the five kinetic checkpoints?
- Feet and Ankles
- Knees
- LPHC
- Shoulders
- Head / Neck
What are the layers of a muscles anatomy, start from outside the myofascia and work deep
+ Epimesium - Outermost Fascia
+ Perimesium - Surrounds all the fascicles
+ Fasicle - Bundle of fibers
+ Endomesium - Surrounds the fibers within the bundle
+Muscle Fiber
- Sarcolema - elastic plasma outer membrane of the individual muscle fiber
- Sarcoplasm which surrounds the myofibrils
+ Myofibril
+ Each myofibril is composed of Sarcomeres
Sarcomeres
- actin myofilaments
- myosin myofilaments
- titin
+
