Musculo Phys

Question 1

The _______ skeleton supports weight

Answer 1

axial

Question 2

The ______, ______, and _______ provide protection

Answer 2

cranium
ribs
pelvis

Question 3

Which bones provide leverage for motion?

Answer 3

any that are attached to muscle

Question 4

What are the 3 main cells of bone?

Answer 4

osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts

Question 5

What are the 4 components of bone?

Answer 5

cells
matrix
structural protein
water

Question 6

What is the component in the matrix of bone? Why is it important?

Answer 6

hydroxyapatite

actual hard part of bone

Question 7

The matrix is ______% of bone weight

Answer 7

60-65

Question 8

Structural protein of bone is type ____ collagen and is ________% of bone weight

Answer 8

1

30-35

Question 9

Water is a main component of bone. Why?

Answer 9

it allows for bend of bones without breaking

Question 10

Water is ______% of bone weight

Answer 10

10-20

Question 11

Hydroxyapatite is also known as ________

Answer 11

osteoid

Question 12

Bones are meant to resist _________ through osteoid deposition

Answer 12

compression

Question 13

The more osteoid in the bone does what to the amount of compression able to withstand?

Answer 13

increases amount of compression able to withstand

Question 14

The more mineralization, the more ______ the bone is. Is this always good?

Answer 14

stiff

NO. brittle bone is stiff but weak

Question 15

Mineralization, for the most part, increases with _____

Answer 15

age

Question 16

Bone resists tension through ______ and ________ insertions

Answer 16

tendon
ligament

Question 17

Bones have poor resistance to ________ and _________

Answer 17

shear
torsion

Question 18

Bone needs to be hollow, ________, and strong

Answer 18

lightweight

Question 19

Bending is _______ and _________ combined. What about bone makes it a good candidate for bending?

Answer 19

compression
tension

water in components AND hollow

Question 20

The further the force on a bone is from the hinge point, the _____ the force

Answer 20

stronger

Question 21

Elastic deformation means…

Answer 21

matches stress/strain to existing form and will go back to original form

Question 22

Plastic deformation means…

Answer 22

does NOT match stress/strain to existing form and will need to adapt/improve in form

Question 23

What are the 3 main forms of plastic deformation of bone?

Answer 23

streaming potentials
microcracks
fractures

Question 24

Streaming potentials are changes occurring inside __________

Answer 24

osteoid

Question 25

Microcracks are temporarily _______ bone

Answer 25

weakened

Question 26

Does bone stop growing after growth plates disappear?

Answer 26

YES but at slower pace

Question 27

Repeated stressors in a given direction will produce...

Answer 27

increased bone deposition

Question 28

Prolonged rest will do the opposite of repeated stressors, which will be...

Answer 28

reversal of increased bone deposition

Question 29

Bone _________ increases with exercise. What is a concern with this?

Answer 29

density unless at perfect placement, deformities are more likely