Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

What are bones for?

Answer 1

Support, Movement, Protection, Blood production & Storage

Question 2

What does a hinge joint do?

Answer 2

It bends in one direction

Question 3

Where are hinge joints found?

Answer 3

Elbow, Knee

Question 4

What does a ball & socket joint do?

Answer 4

It moves in many directions

Question 5

Where are ball & socket joints found?

Answer 5

Shoulder, Hip

Question 6

What does a pivot joint do?

Answer 6

It rotates

Question 7

Where are pivot joints found?

Answer 7

Neck (between skull & spine)

Question 8

What does a fixed joint do?

Answer 8

It doesn’t move

Question 9

Where are fixed joints found?

Answer 9

The skull

Question 10

What does a gliding joint do?

Answer 10

It slides or twists

Question 11

Where are gliding joints found?

Answer 11

Wrists, Ankles

Question 12

How do bones move?

Answer 12

Muscles pull on bones using tendons. They work in pairs—when one muscle contracts (gets shorter), the other relaxes. This moves the bone at a joint.

Question 13

What are synovial joints, and what do they do?

Answer 13

Most moving joints are synovial joints. They include: synovial fluid, cartilage, ligaments, and a joint capsule. These parts let the joint move smoothly and safely.

Question 14

What is synovial fluid?

Answer 14

A slippery, egg-white-like liquid found inside synovial joints.

Question 15

What does synovial fluid do?

Answer 15

Reduces friction, feeds cartilage, and absorbs shock.

Question 16

What is cartilage?

Answer 16

It is a smooth, rubbery tissue covering the ends of bones where they meet in a joint.

Question 17

What does cartilage do?

Answer 17

Stops bones grinding, spreads weight, and handles pressure.

Question 18

What are ligaments?

Answer 18

Tough bands of connective tissue that connect bone to bone.

Question 19

What do ligaments do?

Answer 19

Hold bones in place, guide movement, and stop over-bending.

Question 20

What are tendons?

Answer 20

Transfers the force from the muscle to the bone to make movement happen, & helps keep muscles and bones working as a team.

Question 21

What is a joint capsule?

Answer 21

A tough outer shell surrounding the entire joint.

Question 22

What do joint capsules do?

Answer 22

Holds the joint together, protects it, and keeps fluid pressure right.

Question 23

What are the different types of muscle?

Answer 23

Skeletal (attached to the bones), Cardiac (is at the heart), Smooth (it is at the organs, like the guts, etc.)

Question 24

What do skeletal muscles do?

Answer 24

Moves your body

Question 25

What do cardiac muscles do?

Answer 25

Pumps blood

Question 26

What do smooth muscles do?

Answer 26

Moves food, controls flow, etc.

Question 27

What are antagonistic paired muscles?

Answer 27

Muscles can’t push, only pull, so they work in opposite pairs. Example: Biceps = bend (flexion), Triceps = straighten (extension)

Question 28

What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?

Answer 28

Tendons: attach muscle to bone, Ligaments: attach bone to bone.

Question 29

What happens at a hinge joint, and where in the body can you find one?

Answer 29

It allows movement in one direction. Found at the elbow and knee.

Question 30

Explain how antagonistic muscles work using an example.

Answer 30

Muscles work in pairs. One contracts while the other relaxes. For example, the biceps contract to bend the arm, while the triceps relax. To straighten the arm, the triceps contract and the biceps relax.

Question 31

What features make a synovial joint move smoothly and safely?

Answer 31

Synovial fluid reduces friction and absorbs shock, cartilage prevents grinding, ligaments hold bones in place, and the joint capsule protects and supports the joint.

Question 32

Why do muscles need to work in pairs?

Answer 32

Because muscles can only pull, not push. One muscle pulls a bone one way, and the other pulls it back.

Question 33

What is the role of cartilage in a synovial joint?

Answer 33

Cartilage covers the ends of bones to prevent grinding and spread pressure during movement.

Question 34

How does the skeletal system help protect the body?

Answer 34

Bones like the skull and ribcage protect vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs.

Question 35

How do joints allow movement?

Answer 35

Some joints (like synovial ones) allow movement through structures like cartilage, ligaments, and muscles.