natural selection

Question 1

whats the consequences of overproduction of offspring

Answer 1

competition for survival

Question 2

recite the mechanism of evolution

Answer 2

organisms reproduce rapidly due to abundance of food, migrating to different environments
spontaneous mutation takes place, resulting in different variations of the organisms. Those with favourable traits will confer a selective advantage and such organisms will survive, reproduce and pass on their favourable traits to offsprings

Question 3

Importance of natural selection as a possible mechanism for adaptive radiation and hence, evolution

Answer 3

natural selection causes population with different advantageous traits to survive in different environments. These population diverge and form new species, which leads to radiation and evolution

Question 4

examples of natural selection

Answer 4

heterozygous sickle cell individuals resist malaria
bacteria with mutations may resist antibiotic

Question 5

suggests and explain why giraffes have evolved longer necks with taller trees

Answer 5

there is variation in population of giraffes, those with longer necks to reach for food in taller trees and hence have a selective advantage. Therefore, the giraffes have better fitness and are able to survive and reproduce, passing down their taller neck genes to offspring

Question 6

compare natural and artificial selection

Answer 6

results from mutations in gene, results form manipulation by humans
brought about changes in environmental conditions, humans choose desired trait to reproduce
very slow process, relatively fast process
may be advantageous or harmful to men, advantageous to men