Somatic Sensory Pathways
3 neuron relay system
2nd order neuron crosses over
Somatic Motor Pathway
2 neuron relay system
Upper motor neuron crosses over
Medulla oblongata
Functions:
- relays sensory signals for certain somatic sensations from the spinal cord to the thalamus
- helps control breathing, heart rate and Blood vessel diameter
- controls reflexes related to swallowing, sneezing, coughing, and vomiting
Pons
Functions:
- relays motor signals from cerebral cortex to cerebellum
- helps control breathing
Midbrain
Functions:
- generates motor reflex responses to visual and auditory stimuli
- assists in the control of voluntary movements
Hypothalamus
- connected to pituitary gland
Functions:
- regulates release of hormones from pituitary gland
- regulates activity in ANS
- regulates emotions, behaviour, hunger, thirst, and body temp
Thalamus
Functions:
- relays sensory impulses from the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebellum to the cerebral cortex
- helps maintain consciousness
Cerebellum
Functions:
- monitors and adjusts voluntary movements
- assists in coordination of complex movements
- regulates muscle tone, posture, and balance
Occipital Lobe
Functions:
- perception of visual sensations
- recognition of visual stimuli
Temporal Lobe
Functions:
- perception of auditory sensations
- perception of olfactory sensations
- recognition of auditory stimuli
- recognition of faces
Parietal Lobe
Functions:
- perception of somatic sensations
- receives and integrates information from a variety of sensory inputs (ex. Somatic, visual, smell)
- object recognition based in touch
Frontal Lobe
Functions:
- initiation of voluntary movements
- “memory bank”
- “higher functions” (learning, personality, mood)
- articulation of speech
- recognition of odours
Cerebrum
- contains the four lobes
- largest portion of brain
Tibial nerve innervates?
Posterior leg muscles
Sciatic nerve innervates?
Posterior thing muscles
Sacral plexus
L4-S4 spinal nerves
Obturator Nerve innervates?
Medial thigh muscles
Femoral nerve innervates?
Anterior thigh muscles
Lumbar plexus
L1-L4 spinal nerves
Ulnar nerve innervates?
Anterior forearm muscles
Median nerve innervates?
Anterior forearm muscles
Radial never innervates?
Posterior arm and forearm muscles
Musculocutaneous nerve innervates?
Anterior arm muscles
Axillary nerve innervates?
Deltoid and teres minor
