ip
display ip address, subnet mask, MAC address settings
ifconfig
display current ip address information for each NIC recognized by the system
iwconfig
provide wireless NIC configurations and settings
nmcli
view and manage network settings
ethtool
manage NIC driver and network configurations
hostnamectl
view systems hostname
netcat
test connectivity and send data across network connections
iftop
display bandwidth usage information
traceroute
report the network path between the source and destination computers
tracepath
report the network path between the source and destination computers
resolvectl
manually query name resolution services
dig
test name resolution
nslookup
gather information about and test name resolution
host
gather information about and test name resolution
whois
display hostname, FQDN, ip, and other information about a given host
arp
discover information about known MAC addresses
iptables
manage packet filtering and stateful firewall functions
firewall-cmd
configure firewall by querying and modifying zones or services as desired
ufw
configure nftables or iptables
ping
generate a response request form the sending computer, which should receive a reply from the destination computer
mtr
test network connection quality and packet lost
netstat
gater information about TCP connections to the system
ss
gater information about TCP connections and display in a simple output
tcpdump
determine traffic type and content