Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)
Measles (years after initial infection)
Viral Encephalitis affecting TEMPORAL LOBE
HSV-1
Ring-Enhancing Brain Abscess / Lesion in AIDS
Toxoplasma gondii
Meningitis #1
General Causes (3, incl demographic for last 2)?
CAUSES:
- Bacterial
- Viral: Coxsackie virus (Children. Fecal-Oral)
- Fungal (Immunocompromised p/ts)
Meningitis #2
Bacterial Causes / Age Group (4 Groups- 3 bacteria in 1st)?
- S pneumonia = MC overall*
- Newborns (0 - 6 months):
- Strep agalactiae (Group B Strep)
- E coli
- Listeria monocytogenes - Non-Vacc Infants: H influenza
- Children + Teens: N meningitidis (also S pneumonia + Enteroviruses)
- Adults + Elderly: Strep pneumonia (also Listeria + Gram - rods)
Meningitis #3
Bacterial Cause after Recent Neurosurgery?
Staph
Meningitis #4
Listeria Meningitis
RF (5)?
RF:
- Neonates
- Elderly
- Pregnancy
- Immunocompromise: HIV/AIDS, Alcoholism
- Steroid use
Meningitis #5
Viral Causes (6)?
- Coxsackie virus
- Echovirus
- HIV
- HSV-2
- VZV
- West Nile virus
Meningitis #6
Causes in HIV (4: 2 Viruses + 2 Parasites)?
- CMV
- JC virus
- Cryptococcus
- Toxoplasmosis (brain abscess)
Rapidly FATAL Meningoencephalitis
Trans?
Naegleria fowleri
TRANS: Swimming in freshwater lakes THINK: Nalgene
enters via cribriform plate
Kluver-Bucy Sx
Assoc?
HSV-1
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
JC virus
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
(Postinfectious / Postimmunization)
(2)?
- Measles
- VZV
Brain Cysts + Seizures (Neurocysticercosis)
Taenia solium (cestode/tapeworm)
African Sleeping Sickness
Pres (3), Trans?
Trypanosoma brucei
PRES:
- “Recurring” fever (due to antigenic variation)
- Enlarged lymph nodes
- Somnolence + Coma
TRANS: Tsetse fly
Otitis Media (CHILDREN)
S pneumoniae
“Swimmer’s Ear” + Malignant (in Diabetes) External Otitis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Follicular Conjunctivitis / Conjunctivitis in 2nd week of life
Chlamydia trachomatis
Retinitis
CMV
