Neuro Extra:

Question 1

Regarding the above figure, Indicate which of the below statements are true or false:
1.
a. Structure D is part of the hypothalamus
b. G is made up of neocortex
c. G is intimately connected to the amygdala
d. F indicates a bundle of sensory
e. E is an indication of the exit route for the oculomotor nerve

Answer 1

1.
a. TRUE
b. FALSE; paleocortex ≠ neocortex
c. TRUE
d. FALSE; corticobulbar & corticospinal fibres present
e. TRUE

Question 2

2.
a. F is the pyramidal tract
b. H indicates the olfactory nerve
c. C indicates the tuber cinereum
d. E indicates the location of the quadrigeminal cistern
e. Structure B forms the anterior commissure medially

Answer 2

Question 3

3. Regarding the above figure, state which of the statements below are true or false:
   a. Structure D secretes acetylcholine in order to communicate
   b. The white matter indicated by arrow C is the superior cerebellar peduncle
   c. Structure A receives projections from the visual cortex
   d. B indicates the periaqueductal grey matter
   e. E contains both motor and parasympathetic fibers

Answer 3

a. FALSE = dopamine
b. FALSE = crus cerebri
c. TRUE = primary visual fibre projects here; which then projects to EW then oculomotor nucleus for parasympathetic function
d. TRUE
e. TRUE; oculomotor = motor EW = parasympathetic fibres

Question 4

4. On the above figure, state which statements are true or false:
   a. Arrow C indicates the posterior limb of the internal capsule
   b. A is a component of the diencephalon
   c. Structure B receives blood supply from the middle cerebral artery
   d. The fibres in E originate within the medial geniculate nucleus

Answer 4

a. FALSE = genu
b. FALSE
c. TRUE
d. FALSE = lateral geniculate nucleus
e. FALSE =

Question 5

5. With regards to the above figure, which statements are true or false:

a. A indicates the pez hippocampus
b. This structure is located within the inferior horn of
the lateral ventricle
c. The structure shown here is responsible for the
storage of memories
d. B indicates the fimbria
e. Fibres in B directly form the columns of the fornix
f. This structure lies above the parahippocampal gyrus

Answer 5

a. TRUE
b. TRUE
c. FALSE = only manufacture not storage (stored in cerebral cortex)
d. TRUE
e. TRUE
f. TRUE

Question 6

6. With regards to the above figure, which statements are true or false:

a. B indicates the entry route for the anterior spinocerebellar tract
b. E indicates descending/motor fibres
c. F indicates the middle cerebellar peduncle
d. C is the entry route for olivocerebellar fibres
e. A is associated with vision

Answer 6

a. TRUE
b. FALSE = sensory/ascending
c. TRUE
d. FALSE = goes through inf. cerebellar peduncle
e. FALSE = sup. coll. is involved

Question 7

7. With regards to the above figure, which statements are true or false:

a. A indicates superior vermis
b. F indicates the paleocerebellum
c. D works in conjunction with the fastigial nuclei
d. E indicates the vallecula
e. F is the nodule

Answer 7

a. TRUE
b. FALSE; archiecerebellum/floccule
c. FALSE; A & D work in conjunction with the interpose nuclei
d. TRUE
e. FALSE = flocculus

Question 8

Conscious proprioception vs unconscious proprioception

Answer 8

Question 9

8. True or false, the following are examples of descending tracts:

a. Corticobulbar tract
b. Medial lemniscus
c. Tectospinal tract
d. Pyramidal tract
e. Spinal lemniscus

Answer 9

Question 10

9. Indicate whether the following nerves form contents passing through the cavernous sinus by stating True or false for each:

a. Facial nerve
b. Abducens nerve
c. Cranial accessory nerve
d. Trochlear nerve
e. Spinal accessory nerve

Answer 10

a. FALSE
b. TRUE (the only medial content)
c. FALSE
d. TRUE
e. FALSE

Question 11

10. By indicating T or F, furnish which structures contain sympathetic components within them:

a. Dorsal horn of spinal cord
b. Greater splanchnic nerves
c. Grey communicating ramus
d. Dorsal root ganglia
e. Lateral horn

Answer 11

Question 12

11. Regarding the above figure, indicate whether the below statements are T or F:

a. F indicates the crus of the fornix
b. C is the anterior pole of the temporal lobe
c. D is the origin of the septo-hippocampal pathway
d. E indicates the columns of the fornix
e. A indicates the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle

Answer 12

a. FALSE = body
b. TRUE
c. FALSE
d. TRUE
e. FALSE = inf. horn

Question 13

12. With regards to the above figure, which statements are
    true or false:

a. Deep to A, is located the cingulum
b. Blood supply to A comes from the middle cerebral artery
c. F indicates the splenium of the corpus callosum
d. C is the isthmus
e. D represents the final destination for optic radiations

Answer 13

a. TRUE
b. FALSE = ant. cerebral a supplies
c. FALSE = rostrum
d. TRUE
e. TRUE

Question 13

13. With regards to the above figure, which statements are
    true or false:

a. E traverses through the cavernous sinus in its course into the cranium
b. The region indicated by A, is reciprocally connected with the amygdala
c. F indicates the anterior spinal artery
d. D supplies the cingulate gyrus
e. B indicates the orbitofrontal sulcus

Answer 13

Question 14

14.True or False, the following cranial nerve exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen?

a. Olfactory bulb (CNI)
b. Trochlear nerve (CNIV)
c. Facial nerve (CNVII)
d. Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)
e. Abducent nerve

Answer 14

a. CFP
b. SOF
c. ?
d. ?
e. SOF

Question 15

15. True or false, the following cortical region receives its blood supply from the posterior cerebral artery:

a. Primary visual cortex
b. ParahippocampaI gyrus
c. Insular cortex
d. Superior frontal gyrus
e. Operculum

Answer 15

a. TRUE
b. TRUE
c. FALSE; MCa
d. FALSE; ACa
e. FALSE; MCa

Question 16

16. Which of the below statements are true or false?

a. The lateral horn contains parasympathetic cell bodies
b. The dorsal columns transmit somato-motor fibre tracts
c. The dorsal columns of the spinal cord transmit the modality of pain
d. The calcarine sulcus is the groove separating the
parietal lobe from the occipital lobe
e. The grey communicating rami contain unmyelinated
preganglionic sympathetic fibres

Answer 16

a. FALSE = sympathetic
b. FALSE
c. FALSE
d. FALSE = its the parietoccipital
e. TRUE = It is grey because there is no myelin

Question 17

17. The following are derived from the arachnoid
    matter, indicate whether true or false:

a. Linea splendens
b. Villi
c. Trebeculae
d. Granulations
e. Filum terminale

Answer 17

a. FALSE
b. TRUE
c. TRUE
d. TRUE
e. FALSE = Pia

Question 18

18. Which of the following is false regarding the spinal cord?

a. Its central canal is filled with cerebrospinal fluid
b. It terminates at L2/L3 level in adults
c. It has a H-shaped central core of grey matter
d. It gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves
e. One third of its ventral half receives its blood from the anterior spinal artery

Answer 18

a. TRUE
b. FALSE = L1/L2
c. TRUE
d. TRUE
e. FALSE = 2/3

Question 19

Cuneate vs Gracile

Answer 19

Question 20

19. The following indicates an external feature of the medulla:

a. Olives
b. Facial colliculus
c. Pyramids
d. Cuneate tubercle
e. Inferior colliculus

Answer 20

a. TRUE
b. FALSE = pontine port
c. TRUE
d. TRUE = cuneate fasciculus makes it @ its nucleus. aka dorsal column
e. FALSE = midbrain

Question 21

20. The following cranial nerve/s transmit parasympathetic fibres:

a. Trochlear nerve
b. Optic nerve
c. Vagus nerve
d. Olfactory nerve
e. Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 21

a. FALSE = motor = nucleus @ inf. colliculus
b. FALSE
c. TRUE = vagus = wanderer
d. FALSE
e. TRUE = Parotid

Question 22

21. State whether the below statements are true or false:

a. The superior salivatory nucleus contributes parasympathetic fibres into the glossopharyngeal nerve
b. The solitary tract nucleus receives sensory information from the viscera
c. The facial nerve transmits taste information from the anterior one third of the tongue
d. The hypoglossal nerve supplies all intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles, except the palatoglossus, which is supplied by the accessory nerve
e. The abducent nerve travels the longest distance within the subarachnoid space towards its exit foramen, than any other cranial nerve

Answer 22

Question 23

Ext. Features of midbrain: (4)

Answer 23

• Inf. Colliculi
• Sup. Colliculli
• Sup. cerebellar peduncles
• Crus cerebri

Question 24

The dorsal vagus nucleus is not motor but PNS. Nucleus Ambiguous = Supplies motor fibres to 3 cranial nerves:

Answer 24

- Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Arc