Neurology

Question 1

What causes SMA?

Answer 1

Alterations in snRNP, causing low in SMN protein (anterior horn cell degeneration)

Question 2

What are the causes of Alzheimer disease?

Answer 2

Sporadic: alteresd ApoE protein
Familial: altered APP, presenilin- 1, presenilin -2 protein

Question 3

Subfalcine herniation. Consequences? (1)

Answer 3

Cingulate gyrus herniate under falc cerebri. ACA compression

Question 4

Central/Downward transtentorial herniation. Consequences? (2)

Answer 4

brainstem caudal displaced. paramedian pontine artery rupture

Question 5

Uncal transtentorial herniation. Consequences? (2)

Answer 5

early: ipsi blown pupil, C/L hemiparesis
late: opposite side of above (kernohan phenomenon)

Question 6

Cerebellar tonsillar herniation. Consequences? (1)

Answer 6

thru the foramen magnum

coma and death