1
Q
the act of drawing or removing blood from a blood vessel to obtain a sample for analysis
A
phlebotomy
2
Q
who is responsible for obtaining blood specimens from patients
A
phlebotomist
3
Q
the act of puncturing a vein to collect venous blood
A
venipuncture
4
Q
What are the two techniques for obtaining blood specimens from patients?
A
venipuncture & dermal puncture
5
Q
what are the 4 main purposes of venipuncture?
A
- medical purposes
- transfusions
- donations
- research
6
Q
_____ is referred to a sample collection from a person’s skin via a finger or heel stick
A
Dermal puncture
7
Q
Phlebotomy was previously referred to as _____
A
bloodletting
8
Q
Bloodletting involved the puncture of a _____ to drain fluids that were believed to be infected from a persons body
A
vein
9
Q
A process called ____ involved placing hot stoneware cups on the skin to draw a persons blood to the surface
A
cupping
10
Q
What was used when only a small amount of blood needed to be removed from a person?
A
leeches to the skin
11
Q
T/F: In the 13th century a barber might do more than just cut hair. A barber-surgeon was a person who trained in bloodletting
A
True
12
Q
A barber-surgeon used what to advertise their business?
A
A white and red striped pole above the door
13
Q
Fleams and leeches have been replaced with what?
A
evacuated tube system (ETS)
14
Q
The evacuated tube system (ETS) allows for what?
A
withdrawal of a predetermined amount of blood using a needle, an adapter, and a color-coded, vacuum-sealed tube
15
Q
What are 5 reasons why blood is collected? (DMSRM)
A
- Diagnostic
- Monitoring drug levels
- Storing samples for donation/transfusion
- Removing excess blood
- Medical research
16
Q
T/F: A phlebotomist’s duties may differ depending on the location and type of facility where they are employed
A
True
17
Q
________ is an attitude and a set of personal characteristics that al healthcare professionals should have.
A
Professionalism
18
Q
What are 3 examples of professionalism?
A
- Dress & hygiene
- Professional interaction
- Adhering to core values
19
Q
What is the important goal within the healthcare environment?
A
instill confidence in the patent that their support team will provide the best care possible
20
Q
Many patients experience which type of feeling when having their blood drawn?
A
anxious
21
Q
As medical professional, the phlebotomist must follow the dress code requirement for their ______.
A
facility
22
Q
Which of the following is appropriate hygiene etiquette for healthcare professionals?
A. Wearing artificial nails if they are short
B. Keeping nails clean and trimmed to an appropriate length
C. Wearing scented lotion to maintain professionalism
D. Leaving long hair down if it is clean
A
B
23
Q
T/F: Healthcare professionals are generally allowed to wear artificial nails and scented perfumes while providing patient care.
A
False
24
Q
A phlebotomist interacts with physicians, nurses, support staff, and patients throughout the day. Which behavior best demonstrates professionalism?
A. Speaking only to nurses to avoid confusion
B. Remaining calm and confident when interacting with patients
C. Limiting communication to only required tasks
D. Deferring all patient questions to the physician
A
B
25
A patient appears anxious before a blood draw. Which action by the phlebotomist BEST reinforces trust in the healthcare team?
A. Completing the procedure quickly without explanation
B. Avoiding eye contact to reduce patient discomfort
C. Maintaining calm, confident communication
D. Asking another staff member to handle the interaction
C
26
A patient expresses frustration about managing a chronic condition. Which response BEST reflects core professional values?
A. “You’ll need to discuss that with your provider.”
B. “Many patients deal with this, so try not to worry.”
C. Listening attentively and reassuring the patient that the healthcare team is there to support them
D. Changing the subject to complete the task quickly
C
27
A medical assistant consistently arrives on time, admits mistakes when they occur, and follows through on assigned tasks. Which core values is the assistant demonstrating?
A. Efficiency and independence
B. Authority and leadership
C. Honesty, integrity, and dependability
D. Technical competence only
C
28
What is a vital component of healthcare and is defined as the exchange of information between two or more individuals?
Effective communication
29
Research suggest that approximately 55% of communication occurs through ______ communication
nonverbal
30
T/F: Engaging in verbal conversation during a venipuncture procedure ONLY causes the patient to be anxious.
False; it may help the patient be more relaxed
31
What are 3 communication challenges that can occur?
Hearing/Visual impairments
Language Barriers
Cultural Differences
32
What is one of the most common errors in the medical field?
misidentification of individuals
33
In every healthcare environment, the phlebotomist must do which 2 things before beginning any procedures.
Introduce themselves & collect 2 identifiers
34
T/F: If the phlebotomist and the patient are familiar with each other, there is no need for introduction nor identifiers.
FALSE
35
A patients ID band typically contains which 3 pieces of information?
patients:
name
DOB
MRN
36
A patient whose blood is drawn at an outpatient or ambulatory care facility will be asked to provide what 2 things?
state-issued ID w/ photo
DOB
37
T/F: If a patient is inside a medical facility, they have agreed to all medical procedures
False
38
A phlebotomist introduces themselves, verifies the patient’s identity, and explains the venipuncture procedure. After giving verbal consent, the patient becomes anxious and asks the phlebotomist to stop while the draw is in progress. What should the phlebotomist do NEXT?
A. Continue the procedure because consent was already given
B. Pause briefly and attempt to persuade the patient to continue
C. Immediately stop the procedure and respect the patient’s decision
D. Ask another staff member to complete the draw
C
39
Before performing a venipuncture, which action is REQUIRED to obtain proper informed consent?
A. Asking the patient to sign paperwork without explanation
B. Explaining the procedure and obtaining the patient’s verbal agreement
C. Beginning the procedure after confirming the test order
D. Proceeding as long as the provider has ordered the test
B
40
True or False: Once a patient gives consent for a procedure, it cannot be withdrawn.
False
41
While performing a blood draw, the phlebotomist should observe the patient for what reason?
adverse reactions
42
In 1996, a federal law called the ________ was passed to protect patients' health information.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
43
T/F: Computer screens or files displaying patient information should never be left open or unattended as this is a violation of HIPAA
True
44
What are the 5 illegal actions?
1. Assault
2. Battery
3. Libel
4. Negligence
5. Slander
45
_____ is physical contact that inflicts bodily harm, or a threat to inflict bodily harm.
Assault
46
______ is unlawful touching that does not necessarily cause harm, but is without consent.
Battery
47
______ is written words that significantly damage an individual's reputation.
Libel
48
failure to provide appropriate care
Negligence
49
words that are spoken or written that are damaging to an individual's reputation
Slander
50
what does PHI stand for?
Patient Health Information
51
________ deals with behavior that may be considered morally inappropriate
medical ethics
52
Physicians and all healthcare professionals are bound by ancient standards based on the ________.
Hippocratic oath
53
T/F: Phlebotomists, like all members of the healthcare team, are expected to maintain their certification or license and participate in ongoing education to prove competency in their field.
True
54
Certification must be renewed how so often?
every few years
55
Renewal of certification can be accomplished by which two methods?
reexamination or proof of ongoing competency via completion of CEUs
56
T/F: All states require the phlebotomist to be licensed through that states regulatory board.
True
57
What are the 4 notable certification organizations?
NHA
NHCO
ASCP
NCCT
58
______ allow medical professionals to develop their knowledge, stay certified, and keep up with changes in procedures, safety standards, and technology.
Continuing education (CE)
59
Why is nonverbal communication so important in healthcare?
builds trust, rapport, and reassures anxious patients
60
T/F: Failing to label a patient's blood sample can be considered an act of negligence
True
61
What does the circulatory system consist of?
blood
blood vessels
heart
62
Which of the following best describes the function of blood as it circulates through the body?
A. It produces carbon dioxide and urea for excretion.
B. It eliminates waste directly through the blood vessels.
C. It stores oxygen and nutrients in the arteries.
D. It delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and enzymes to cells while transporting waste products to the lungs and kidneys for removal.
D
63
What is a vital organ that keeps the human body alive every moment of everyday?
Heart
64
The heart is approximately the size of a ________
adult fist
65
T/F: the heart supports every system in the body
True
66
How many layers does the heart have? What are they?
1. Endocardium
2. Myocardium
3. Epicardium
67
The endocardium is composed of which type of cells?
endothelial cells (line the chambers and valves)
68
The myocardium is composed of what tissues?
contractile
69
Which layer of the heart creates the pressure necessary to pump blood to the body?
myocardium
70
Which layer of the heart covers and protects this vital organ?
epicardium
71
The heart has _____ chambers
4
72
The upper right chamber of the heart
right atrium
73
The lower right chamber of the heart
right ventricle
74
The upper left chamber of the heart
left atrium
75
The lower left chamber of the heart
left ventricle
76
The _____ side of the heart receives blood from the body and pump it to the lungs for oxygenation
right
77
The _____ side of the heart receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pump it to the rest of the body.
left
78
Which structure of the heart connects the right atrium and left ventricle?
tricuspid valve
79
Which structure of the heart directly connects the left atrium and left ventricle?
bicuspid valve
80
The _____ side of the heart sends blood to the lungs and the _____ side sends blood to the rest of the body
right ; left
81
What is the order of blood flow in the heart?
Body → Right Atrium → Tricuspid Valve → Right Ventricle → Pulmonary Valve → Pulmonary Arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary Veins → Left Atrium → Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve → Left Ventricle → Aortic Valve → Aorta → Body
82
What are the 2 types of blood circulation?
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
83
_______ occurs as the blood travels to the lungs, where gas exchange takes place in tiny air sacs called alveoli
Pulmonary circulation
84
_______ occurs as deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior venae cavae flows into the right atrium
Systemic circulation
85
What are the 5 types of blood vessels?
Arteries
Arterioles
Veins
Venules
Capillaries
86
Which blood vessel carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
87
Which blood vessel controls blood flow into capillaries?
Arterioles
88
Which blood vessel collect blood from capillaries?
Veins
89
Which blood vessel returns blood to the heart?
venules
90
Which blood vessel exchanges oxygen, nutrients, and waste?
Capillaries
91
What are the 3 layers of blood vessels?
Tunica Adventitia
Tunica Media
Tunica Intima
92
All blood vessels have 3 layers besides which one?
capillaries
93
What 4 components make up whole blood?
plasma
erythrocytes
leukocytes
platelets
94
What is the process of blood clotting?
coagulation
95
What is a benefit of coagulation?
helps stop bleeding after an injury
96
Which of the following best describes plasma?
A. The cellular portion of blood responsible for oxygen transport
B. The liquid portion of anticoagulated blood that contains clotting factors
C. Blood serum after clotting factors have been removed
D. A substance that prevents blood from clotting
B
97
Plasma makes up approximately what percentage of total blood volume?
A. 25%
B. 40%
C. 55%
D. 75%
C
98
What percentage of plasma is water?
90%
99
______ is the liquid portion of coagulated blood or blood that has clotted
serum
100
How can you differ plasma from serum?
Plasma: when blood sample has not clotted due to anticoagulant
Serum: blood sample has clotted (it will yield serum)
101
After the whole blood has separated, what is the layer that resides between the plasma and red blood cells?
Buffy Coat
102
What is the normal blood pH range?
7.35 - 7.45
103
If the patents blood pH drops below the normal range of 7.35 - 7.45, the condition is called _______.
acidosis
104
What is the primary function for erythrocytes?
transporting oxygen throughout the body and removing carbon dioxide
105
When a patient has too few red blood cells, they are experiencing which condition?
Anemia
106
When a patient has too many red blood cells, they are experiencing which condition?
Polycythemia vera
107
_________ is a disorder where the body absorbs too much iron, which can lead to abnormal red blood cells.
Hemochromatosis
108
_______ protect the body from infection and play an important role in immunity.
Leukocytes
109
What are the 5 types of white blood cells?
monocytes
lymphocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
110
_______ is a condition caused by a decreases in white blood cells
Leukopenia
111
An increased white blood cell count often indicates that the body is fighting an infection. This condition is known as _______ .
Leukocytosis
112
the body's ability to maintain a stable and balanced internal environment
homeostasis
113
Thrombocytes are also called _________.
platelets
114
The vein should be ______, _______, and ______
straight, stable, easy to palpate
115
The area on the arm that is mostly commonly used for blood collection is called the ________.
antecubital (AC) fossa
116
What 3 prominent veins make up the AC fossa?
Cephalic Vein
Median Cubital Vein
Basilic Vein
117
Which vein is the first choice for venipuncture and most commonly used?
Median Cubital Vein
118
Which vein is located on the thumb side of the antecubital fossa?
cephalic vein
119
Which vein is the least securely anchored vein and is located close to the brachial artery?
basilic vein
120
What are the 3 vein patterns?
H-pattern
M-pattern
Atypical pattern
121
A venation pattern where veins branch repeatedly into two equal parts, forming a Y shaped pattern
H pattern (Dichotomous venation)
122
A venation pattern with one main central vein and smaller veins branching off to form a net-like structure.
M pattern (Reticulate venation)
123
A venation pattern that does not clearly follow dichotomous or netted organization
Atypical venation
124
T/F: H pattern venation forms a network of interconnected veins
False
125
T/F: M pattern venation form in dicots
True
126
T/F: Atypical venation fits neatly into either dichotomous or reticulate categories
false
127
If veins cannot be located in the AC fossa, where is the next best site?
hand
128
Blood classification issues determined by the presence or absence of specific ________ on red blood cells.
antigens
129
What is an antigen and what process does it lead to?
substance that triggers an immune response / production of antibodies
130
Phlebotomy
flashcards
Decks in class (5)
# Cards
