Normal Behavior

Question 1

What type of animal are horses?

Answer 1

• Herbivorous
• Prey Animal
• Herd Animals

Question 2

Horses in the wild graze?

Answer 2

50% to 80% of the day.

Question 3

Horses stand?

Answer 3

90% of the day.

Question 4

What do wild horses rarely do?

Answer 4

Run

Question 5

What are groups of horses called, and what is in the groups?

Answer 5

Wild Bands

• Mares
• Offspring
• 1 to 2 Stallions

Question 6

At what age do offspring leave the wild band?

Answer 6

2 to 3 years of age.

Question 7

What is a stud pile?

Answer 7

The place where a stallion continues to defecate. This is territorial marking.

Question 8

What type of breeders are horses?

Answer 8

Long day breeders (breed in the spring).

Question 9

How long is the gestation cycle in a horse?

Answer 9

11 to 11 1/2 months.

Question 10

Foals are?

Answer 10

Precocial and followers.

Question 11

When do foals nurse and how often?

Answer 11

• within the first two hours.

- 4x per hour in the first week, then once an hour until about 5 months.

Question 12

At what age are foals weaned?

Answer 12

40 weeks to 2 years, and it happens gradually.

*normally at about 5 to 6 months.

Question 13

What do domestic horses eat and how often?

Answer 13

Hay with grains or concentrates, BID.

Question 14

Where are domestic horses most of the day, and why?

Answer 14

In a stable to keep them safe.

Question 15

What type of activity do domestic horses get?

Answer 15

• Turnout or scheduled work.

- Lunged.

Question 16

What are domestic horses used for?

Answer 16

• Riding for pleasure, dressage, eventing, endurance.
• Work.
• Pasture pets.
• Hormones.
• Meat

Question 17

What happens to a domestic horse when their diet is low in roughage and high in concentrations?

Answer 17

• Ulcers
• Impaction
• Laminitis

Question 18

When are domestic horses weaned?

Answer 18

4 to 6 months.

Question 19

What methods are used to wean domestic horses?

Answer 19

• Removal and confinement of foal by itself.
• Removal and confinement with other foals.
• Mare removed, foal remains with other mares and foals in pasture.
• Mare and foal in adjacent corrals for 1 week and subsequent removal of mare.
• Feed mares and foals separately and gradually increase duration of separation.

Question 20

Piglets are?

Answer 20

Precocial except for temperature regulation.

Question 21

At what age are pigs weaned?

Answer 21

5 to 12 weeks.

Question 22

What do pigs do most of the time and how long?

Answer 22

Root for about 7 hours a day.

Question 23

How many meals does a pig eat a day?

Answer 23

8 to 12

Question 24

How many hours per day is a pig active?

Answer 24

3

Question 25

Pigs are recumbent?

Answer 25

80% of the day.

Question 26

Pigs have separate areas for?

Answer 26

Eating, sleeping, and eliminating.

Question 27

Domestic pigs live in what type of housing?

Answer 27

- Extensive: more like nature, farm can control what they are doing. - Intensive: we control everything.

Question 28

What happens to domestic pigs who live in high production facilities?

Answer 28

- Sows may be confined to gestation or farrowing crates. - Gestation length is 114 days (3 mo, 3 wks, 3 days). - Piglets may be weaned as early as 3 weeks. - Piglets mixed according to weight for finishing.

Question 29

What type of animal are chickens?

Answer 29

-Omnivorous

Question 30

How do chickens flock?

Answer 30

They have flocks with separate male and female hierarchies.

Question 31

Chickens forge for?

Answer 31

50% of the day.

Question 32

Why do chickens dust bathe?

Answer 32

To keep the feathers conditioned.

Question 33

Where do chickens sleep?

Answer 33

On a perch.

Question 34

Where do chickens lay their eggs?

Answer 34

On the ground.

Question 35

How many eggs did the ancestral chicken lay per year?

Answer 35

40

Question 36

How long do chickens incubate their eggs?

Answer 36

3 weeks.

Question 37

What is brood, how long is is done?

Answer 37

Brood is when the mother sits on the chicks to keep them warm. This is done for a few weeks. Chicks are precocial.

Question 38

Domestic chickens live in?

Answer 38

``` Battery cages (except in CA). -4 to 6 birds per cage with 4 inches.of feeder space each. ```

Question 39

How many eggs do domestic chickens produce in a year?

Answer 39

300

Question 40

What do domestic chickens not do with their young?

Answer 40

Most no longer brood.

Question 41

What is the life span of a domestic chicken?

Answer 41

- Slaughtered after 1 year. | - Induced molt and slaughtered at 2 to 3 years.

Question 42

What are domestic broiler chickens?

Answer 42

Chickens raised for meat. - genetically selected for fast growth. - slaughter weight by 7 weeks of age. - skeletal problems. - heart and lung failure.

Question 43

What are domestic broiler breeder chickens?

Answer 43

- Mature at 18-20 weeks. - Food restriction. - <50 to 75% of intake if fed ad lib. - Slaughtered after 1 year lay cycle.

Question 44

What are some problems with domestic broiler chickens?

Answer 44

``` -Grow way too fast. ~have issues with heart failure b/c of ascities. ~bone deformities. -Bumble foot. -Corneal ulcers. -Respiratory issues. -Breast bruising. ```

Question 45

What are the normal behaviors of parrots?

Answer 45

- Wake at sunrise, vocalize, and do short morning flight. - Fly to forging area. - Forage for hours. - Rest, preen, socialize. - Forge some more. - Fly back to roosting area. - Vocalize. - Go to sleep at sunset. - Sleep 12 hours, awake 12 hours.

Question 46

What are the normal behaviors of pet parrots?

Answer 46

- Varies considerably depending on owner. - Singleton or few birds. - Food in dish, no foraging. - Punished for vocalizing. - Exposure to "predators" is ongoing. - Wings clipped. - Not a domestic species.

Question 47

What type of animals are cats?

Answer 47

- Carnivore | - Predator

Question 48

What type of social groups do cats form?

Answer 48

Matrilineal - communal care of offspring. - males disperse at 2 to 3 years of age.

Question 49

What are tom cat groups?

Answer 49

Groups of cats formed when they leave the matrilineal group. - new member has to work up to one year for acceptance. - non overlapping territories in non breeding season.

Question 50

What is group size in cats variable on?

Answer 50

It is variable based on food supply.

Question 51

What type of mating cycle do cats have?

Answer 51

They are seasonally polyestrous. - induced ovulators. - will cycle every 3 weeks until mated. - gestation is 63 days.

Question 52

Kittens are born?

Answer 52

Altricial - dependent on mom.

Question 53

What is the normal behavior of cats?

Answer 53

- Four play bouts per day. - Active at night. - Eats 8 to 12 meals per day. - Eliminate in soft, sandy soil. - Mark territory.

Question 54

What do cats do to mark their territory?

Answer 54

- Urine spray. - Scratching. - Facial mark.

Question 55

What type of animals are dogs?

Answer 55

Omnivores

Question 56

In what ways are dogs a social species?

Answer 56

- Wild pack consists of one breeding pair and a few offspring. - Spend 40 to 80% of time within 50 feet of each other.

Question 57

How do dogs mark territory?

Answer 57

With urine and occasionally feces.

Question 58

What type of breeders are dogs?

Answer 58

Non seasonal. - 1 to 4 cycles per year. - exception is Basenji (breeds in fall). - copulatory tie.

Question 59

What is the gestation cycle in dogs?

Answer 59

63 days.

Question 60

Pups are born?

Answer 60

-Altricial

Question 61

When are pups weaned?

Answer 61

6 to 8 weeks.

Question 62

What do pups do by 9 weeks of age?

Answer 62

Eliminate in specific a area.

Question 63

How many breeds of dogs are there?

Answer 63

Over 300. -developed for different behaviors advantageous to humans. ~Great Dane: working breed, boar hound. ~Chihuahua: toy breed, companion. ~Bloodhound: hound group.

Question 64

What is the normal behavior of rodents?

Answer 64

- Omnivores - Nocturnal - Hide, build nests. - Climb - Forage - Gnaw (continuously grow teeth).