Why are indications for a first trimester exam?
Dating, confirm IUP, confirm cardiac activity, evaluate pain/bleeding
Why are indications for a second/third trimester exam?
fetal anomalies, growth, fetal presentation, amniotic fluid abnormalities, guidance for invasive pricedures (amniocentesis)
Unitl how many weeks is an exam considered first trimester?
13 weeks and 6 days
What is examined in a 1st trimester exam?
maternal pelvis, GS, YS, fetal pole, fetal heart
What test is performed in the first trimester to screen for aneuploidy?
nuchal translucency
What does an OB standard examination include?
it examines maternal anatomy, gestational age evaluated with biometry, fetal number and presentation, placenta, amniotic fluid, cardiac activity
When would an OB patient typically receive a Standard Examination?
around 18-20 weeks
When would an OB patient typically receive a limited exam? What must happen before this exam?
A limited exam is done to answer specific questions (ex. verify heartbeat). It is only done after a previous standard ob exam is recorded.
When would an OB patient typically receive a Repeat Examination? What must happen before this exam?
in order to reevaluate fetal growth or anatomy that was previously not well visualized. It is only done after a previous standard ob exam is recorded.
When would an OB patient typically receive a Specialty Examination, also known as targeted sonogram?
When an anomaly is suspected based on previous results, maternal history, or with increased risk for fetal disorders/conditions
How many times can a patient have a first trimester exam? What about standard exams (20 week anatomy scans)?
1 time for each. Any extra exams must be ordered as follow-ups.
What is Gravidity? Does this number change with pregnant patients?
total number of times pt has been pregnant. A patient’s current pregnancy is included in the total.
What do the numbers mean when Parity is being reported?
full term deliveries, premature/stillborn, loss or termination, living children
What is the OB history of a patient who is G4 P2103? Is she currently pregnant?
Yes, she is currently pregnant for the fourth time. She previously had two full-term deliveries, 1 premature birth, 0 pregnancy losses, and has 3 living children.
Between what weeks of pregnancy is the second trimester?
The second trimester is between 14 weeks and 26 weeks 6 days.
What week does the third trimester begin? When does it end?
It begins at week 27 and lasts until term
Should a sonographer redate the pregnancy after the original dating? Why?
They shouldn’t because the first trimester measurement is the most accurate
What is Nägele’s Rule?
Estimated due date= LMP - 3months + 7days
How should you minimize thermal effects during a fetal exam?
Do not stay in one place for long and don’t use doppler when not needed. Use M-mode not PW for fetal heart
What is ethics?
systematic reflection on and
analysis of morality: right and wrong conduct
What is nonmaleficence
do no harm and ensure competence when performing exams
What happens when OB sonographer’s don’t use principles of non-maleficence
They may cause unnecessary harm or undermine informed consent and relay misinformation
What is beneficence
acting in the patient’s best
interest
What is Veracity
truthfulness and honesty
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1st Trimester74
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Protocols and early development22
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Biometry30
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OB scanning51
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Fetal Environment/AFI21
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Placenta71
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Head and Thorax11
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Head and Face20
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Abdomen and Extremity10
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skeletal57
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Fetal Pathology And Twins37
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Genetic Testing35
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Fetal Aneuploidy30
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Fetal Syndromes1
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Multiple Gestations47
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Fetal Neural Axis47
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Fetal Face and Neck39
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OB Final- Quiz Review21
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MSK40
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Fetal Thorax40
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Fetal Heart18
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Fetal Bowel30
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Genitourinary41
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Evaluation of Hydrops17
