Network+ N10-009 > Objective 2 > Flashcards

Objective 2 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Static Routing

A

Manually configure the route a packet takes through the network

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2
Q

Dynamic Routing

A

Automatically updates the routing tables of routers on the basis of real-time changes in the network

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3
Q

BGP

A

Border Gateway Protocol
Dynamically routing protocol used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems (AS) on the internet

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4
Q

EIGRP

A

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
Cisco proprietary routing protocol that offers fast convergence and scalability

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5
Q

OSPF

A

Open Shortest Path First
Link-state routing protocol that calculates the shortest path for data on the basis of the current state of the network

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6
Q

Route Selection

A

Determines the best path for data to travel through the network
Different factors influence this decision: Administrative Distance, Prefix Length, Metric

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7
Q

Administrative Distance

A

Trustworthiness of a routing source; lower administrative distances are preferred over higher ones

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8
Q

Prefix Length

A

Length of the network portion of an IP address; the more specific the prefix length, the more precise the route

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9
Q

Metric

A

Value assigned to routes on the basis of criteria like hop count, bandwidth, and delay; route with lower metric are preferred

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10
Q

NAT

A

Network Address Translation
Translates private IP addresses into a public IP address for outgoing traffic, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP.

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11
Q

PAT

A

Port Address Translation
“Overloaded NAT” Maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address by using different port numbers

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12
Q

FHRP

A

First Hop Redundancy Protocol
Provides redundancy for the first hop (the router or switch) in a network, ensuring network availability in case the primary device fails.

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13
Q

VIP

A

Virtual IP
An IP address that is not assigned to a specific device but is used by a group of devices, such as routers in an FHRP configuration, to ensure high availability.

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14
Q

Subinterfaces

A

A virtual interface created on a physical interface to support multiple virtual LANs (VLANs) or networks.

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15
Q

VLAN

A

Virtual Local Area Network
A logical group of devices on the same network, segmented from other devices to improve security and efficiency.

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16
Q

VLAN database

A

Repository in a switch where VLAN configurations are stored.

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17
Q

SVI

A

Switch Virtual Interface
Virtual interface on a switch that allows the switch to communicate with other devices using IP routing.
SVI=VLAN+IP+Gateway

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18
Q

Native VLAN

A

Default VLAN on a trunk port, typically used for untagged traffic

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19
Q

Voice VLAN

A

VLAN specifically used for VoIP traffic, prioritizing voice data to ensure high call quality

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20
Q

802.1Q tagging

A

Standard for VLAN tagging in Ethernet frames.
Allows traffic from multiple VLANs to travel over the same physical link

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21
Q

Link aggregation

A

Combines multiple network links into one logical link to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy

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22
Q

Interface Speed Configuration

A

Configuring the network interface speed (100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps) on the basis of the device’s capabilities and network needs.

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23
Q

Duplex

A

Configures the communication mode of a network interface, either full-duplex(send & receive) or half-duplex (send or receive, not both)

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24
Q

STP

A

Spanning Tree Protocol
Prevents loops in a network by ensuring there is a single active path between two devices, disabling any redundant paths.

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25
MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit Defines the largest size of a packet that can be transmitted on a network without fragmentation. Optimizing MTU settings can improve network performance.
26
Jumbo frames
Ethernet frames with an MTU greater than the standard 1,500 bytes; typically used in data centers to reduce the number of frames and overhead
27
Channel Width
Determines how much bandwidth a wireless channel can carry -Wider channels (40 MHz) offer more bandwidth but are prone to interference -Narrower channels (20 MHz) are more reliable
28
Non-Overlapping channels
Channels that don't overlap in frequency, reducing interferance -2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, channels 1, 6 & 11are non-overlapping
29
Regulatory Impact: 802.11h
Amendment to the 802.11 standard that improves spectrum management and ensures compliance with regulatory requirements for radar and satellite avoidance in the 5 GHz band
30
2.4 GHz
Offers longer range but slower speeds and more interference from common household devices
31
5 GHz
Offers faster speeds but shorter range -Less prone to interference and has more available channels
32
6 GHz
Newest band available for Wi-Fi, offering more bandwidth and reduced congestion in dense environments
33
Band steering
Automatically directs devices to connect to the less congested frequency band (2.4 vs 5) on the basis of network conditions.
34
SSID
The network name your device see's SSID=Name of One Wi-Fi Network
35
BSSID
Basic Service Set Identifier Unique identifier (MAC address) of an individual AP within a network
36
ESSID
Extended service set identifier Collection of AP's within the same Wi-Fi network sharing the same SSID ESSID=Same SSID across many AP's (one big network)
37
Mesh Network (Wireless)
Decentralized network where nodes connect directly to one another, providing redundancy and eliminating the need for a central router.
38
Ad hoc
A temporary, peer-to-peer network where devices communicate directly without using an AP
39
Point to point
Direct wireless connection between two devices or locations
40
Infrastructure
Network where wireless devices communicate with one another through a central AP
41
WPA 2
Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 Security protocol that uses AES encryption to protect wireless networks
42
WPA 3
Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 The latest Wi-Fi security protocol that improves encryption and protects against brute-force attacks
43
Captive Portals
Web pages that appear before a user can access the Internet on a public Wi-Fi network; often used for authentication or terms of service agreements
44
PSK vs Enterprise
Pre-shared key vs Enterprise PSK is used in personal Wi-Fi networks, requiring a shared password Enterprise networks use more secure methods like remote authentication dial-in user service (Radius) and 802.1X for authentication
45
Omnidirectional
Transmits and receives signals in all directions, providing broad coverage for general purpose Wi-Fi networks.
46
Directional
Focuses the signal in a specific direction; ideal for point to point links
47
Autonomous AP
Functions as a stand alone device, independently handling all network management and traffic
48
Lightweight AP
Relies on a centralized controller to manage traffic and settings; commonly used in large enterprise networks
49
Location: IDF
Intermediate Distribution Frame Smaller wiring closet that connects devices in a local area (single floor) to the main distribution frame (MDF) -Acts as an intermediary point for managing network cabling
50
Location: MDF
Main Distribution Frame Central point where external network connections enter the building and connect the internal network infrastructure. -Typically contains routers, firewalls, and core switches
51
Rack Size
-Standard server and networking racks come in two sizes: 19" & 23" Width -Height is measured in rack units (U), with one unit equaling 1.75"
52
Port-side exhaust/intake
Proper airflow management ensures hot air is expelled from device efficiently, preventing overheating
53
Cabling: Patch panel
Organizes and connects incoming and out going cables, making network maintenance easier -Allows for easy reconfiguration without disturbing other devices
54
Cabling: Fiber Distribution Panel
Similar to patch panel but used for managing fiber optic cabling -Consolidates fiber connections and makes it easier to manage high speed data connections
55
Lockable racks and cabinets
Protects sensitive networking equipment from tampering, lockable racks and cabinets are often used in environments where physical security is a concern
56
UPS
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) Provides backup power to network devices during electrical outages, ensuring critical systems remain operational
57
PDU
Power Distribution Unit Distributes electrical power to multiple devices in a rack, ensuring each piece of equipment receives the correct voltage and preventing overloads
58
Power load
Total electrical demand of all the devices connected to a power source
59
Voltage
Electrical potential available to power network devices
60
Environmental Factors: Humidity
Humidity levels must be controlled in server rooms and data centers, as excess moisture can cause electrical shorts, while too little humidity can lead to electrostatic discharge (ESD), damaging sensitive equipment
61
Environmental Factors: Fire Suppression
Fire Suppression Systems, such as FM-200 or waterless systems, are installed in server rooms to quickly extinguish fires without damaging sensitive electronics. These systems detect and suppress fires using gas or other nonconductive agents.
62
Environmental Factors: Temperature
High temperature can cause hardware to fail, while low temperatures can affect performance.
Network+ N10-009
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