IR Spectroscopy: aldehydes
(O)C-H: 2700-2900
C=O: 1725-1750
IR Spectroscopy: alcohols
O-H: 3100-3500 broad
IR Spectroscopy: ketones
C=O: 1700-1750
H-NMR: alkyl groups
Upfield (1 to 3 ppm)
H-NMR: alkenes
Further downfield 4-7 ppm
H-NMR: aldehydes
Very down field 9-10ppm
H-NMR: carboxylate acids
Most down downfield: 10-12ppm