what are examples of cell cycle specific classes of drugs
antimetabolites
plant alkaloids
what are examples of cell cycle NON specific classes of drugs
alkylating agents
cytotoxic antibiotics
what are the 4 sub-class under alkylating agents
nitrogen mustards
ethylenimines
alkyl sulfonates
nitrosoureas
what are examples of drugs under this 4 sub classes
nitrogen mustard - cyclophosphamide
ethylenimines - thiotepa
alkyl sulfonates - busulfan
nitrosoureas - carmustine
what is the MOA of alkylating agents
binds to DNA - inducing breakage in dna strands
what is unique to nitrosoureas
can cross BBB due to high lipid solubility → can treat brain tumours
what are each of the drugs used for
thiotepa - ovarian cancer
busulfan - chronic myeloid leukemia
nitrosoureas - brain tumour
streptozocin - pancreas cancer
side effects of alkylating agents
myelosuppression
alopecia
what are examples of cytotoxic antibiotics
ANTHRACYCLINES ABX:
doxorubicin
daunorubicin
DACTINOMYCIN
what is the MOA of cytotoxic antibiotics
inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis
inhibits topoisomerase II enzyme → blocks DNA transcription and replication
side effects of cytotoxic antibiotics
cardiotoxicity
alopecia
MOA of dactinomycin
inhibits transcription and topoisomerase II
what are the two cell cycle specific classes of drugs
plant alkaloids
anti metabolites
what are the 4 subclasses of plant alkaloids
vinca alkaloids
podophyllotoxins
camptothecins
taxanes
what are examples of drugs from the 4 subclasses of plant alkaloids
vinca alkaloids - vinblastine
podophyllotoxins - etoposide
camptothecins - topotecan
taxanes - paclitaxel
what is the MOA of vinca alkaloids and which phase of the cell cycle does it act on
acts on the M phase
results in mitotic arrest, dissolution of mitotic spindle
what are the side effects of vinca alkaloids
alopecia
myelosuppression
hyponatremia
what type of cancers are vinca alkaloids used for
lymphomas and leukemias
what is the MOA of podophyllotoxins
inhibits topoisomerase II
results in DNA damage through strand breakage
what are the side effects of podophyllotoxins
myelosuppression
mucositis
GI tract toxicity
what is etoposide used for
lymohomas
what is the MOA of taxanes
interfere with the microtubule breakdown, thus affecting cell function as shortening is necessary for transport
side effects of taxanes
myelosuppression
alopecia
neuropathy
allergies
what are the 3 sub classes of drugs under anti-metabolites
folic acid analogs
purine analogs
pyrimidine analogs
