OPERATING SYSTEM, DBMS, & SYSTEM SOFTWARE

Question 1

Functions of OS

Answer 1

▪ Process Management
▪ Memory Management
▪ File System Management
▪ Device Management
▪ Protection and Security
▪ Additional Functions of the Operating System

Question 2

Types of Operating System

Answer 2

1. Batch Operating System
2. Multiprogramming Operating System
3. Multiprocessing Operating System

Question 3

Advantages of Batch Operating System

Answer 3

▪ Multiple users can share the batch systems.
▪ The idle time for the batch system is very little.
▪ It is easy to manage large work repeatedly in
batch systems.

Question 4

Disadvantages of Batch Operating System

Answer 4

▪ CPU is not used efficiently. When the current
process is doing IO, the CPU is free and could be
utilized by other processes waiting.
▪ The other jobs will have to wait for an unknown
time if any job fails.
▪ In a batch operating system, average response
time increases as all processes are processed one
by one.

Question 5

Advantages of Multiprogramming Operating System

Answer 5

▪ CPU is better utilized, and the overall
performance of the system improves.
▪ It helps in reducing the response time.

Question 6

Disadvantages of Multiprogramming Operating System

Answer 6

▪ Complex and sophisticated
▪ Memory management is required in operating
system

Question 7

Advantages of Multi-Processing Operating System

Answer 7

▪ High throughput
▪ Type of parallel processing
▪ Reduced electricity consumption

Question 8

Disadvantages of Multi-Processing OS

Answer 8

▪ Communication
▪ More memory required
▪ Deadlock

Question 9

Advantages of Time-sharing OS

Answer 9

▪ Cost effective
▪ Remote access
▪ Scheduling algorithms

Question 10

Disadvantages of Time-sharing OS

Answer 10

▪ Resource conflicts
▪ Security threats
▪ Troubleshooting

Question 11

Advantages of Distributed OS

Answer 11

▪ Efficient use of resources
▪ High availability and dependability
▪ Enhanced collaboration

Question 12

Disadvantages of Distributed OS

Answer 12

▪ Complex implementation
▪ Network dependency
▪ Communication issues

Question 13

Advantage of Network OS

Answer 13

▪ Centralized management
▪ Robust security features
▪ Simple scalability

Question 14

Disadvantages of Network OS

Answer 14

▪ Dependency on network scalability
▪ Increasing complexity
▪ High cost and maintenance

Question 15

Advantages of Real-time OS

Answer 15

▪ Deterministic task execution
▪ Efficient task management
▪ Reliable error handling

Question 16

Disadvantage of Real-time OS

Answer 16

▪ High complexity
▪ Resource-intensive
▪ Restricted adaptability

Question 17

Advantages of Mobile OS

Answer 17

▪ User-friendly interface
▪ Customization option
▪ Cloud integration

Question 18

Benefits of OS

Answer 18

▪ User-Friendly Interface
▪ Manages Hardware and Software
▪ Plug and Play Support
▪ Efficient Memory Management
▪ Controls Input and Output

Question 18

Disadvantages of Mobile OS

Answer 18

▪ Hardware limitations
▪ Market fragmentation
▪ Security risks

Question 19

Limitations of OS

Answer 19

▪ Increased Memory Access Time
▪ Internal Fragmentation
▪ Security Risk from Unauthorized Access
▪ Data Loss on OS Failure
▪ Virus and Malware Threats

Question 19

Advantages of OS

Answer 19

▪ Multi-user
▪ Auto-update
▪ Hide Complexity
▪ Data Sharing
▪ Cloud Sharing

Question 20

Disadvantages of OS

Answer 20

▪ Large Size
▪ Expensive
▪ Troubleshooting
▪ Closed-source
▪ GUI Problem

Question 21

Positive Impacts of OS

Answer 21

1. Technology advancement
2. device integration
3. software platform

Question 22

Negative Impacts of OS

Answer 22

1. Compatibility issues
2. security vulnerabilities
3. high cost

Question 23

Future development

Answer 23

1. edge computing 2. Iot Integration 3. AI Integration 4. Quantum Implications

Question 24

Importance of OS in Accounting

Answer 24

1. runs accounting software 2. file management 3. job accounting 4. user-friendly interface 5. data security and protection

Question 25

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Components

Answer 25

▪ Software ▪ Hardware ▪ Data ▪ Procedure ▪ Database access language ▪ Query processor ▪ Run time database manager ▪ Data manager ▪ Data dictionary ▪ Report writer

Question 26

Key features of DBMS

Answer 26

▪ Data modeling ▪ Data storage and retrieval ▪ Concurrency control ▪ Data integrity and security ▪ Backup and recovery

Question 26

Key functions of DBMS

Answer 26

1. Data definition 2. data manipulation 3. data querying 4. access control

Question 27

Types of DBMS

Answer 27

1. Hierarchical DBMS 2. Network DBMS 3. Relational DBMS (RDBMS) 4. NoSQL DBMS 5. Object-Oriented DBMS (OODBMS)

Question 28

DBMS Architecture Levels

Answer 28

▪ Internal level ▪ Conceptual level ▪ External leve

Question 29

DBMS Architecture Tiers

Answer 29

▪ Single-tier architecture ▪ Two-tier architecture ▪ Three-tier architecture

Question 30

Application of a DBMS

Answer 30

▪ Reservation systems ▪ Online shopping ▪ Healthcare systems ▪ Finance sector

Question 31

Working process of a DBMS (Key steps):

Answer 31

▪ Query handling ▪ Query processing ▪ Transaction management ▪ Access control and security

Question 32

Examples of DBMS

Answer 32

▪ MySQL ▪ Oracle ▪ SQL Server (by Microsoft) ▪ IBM DB2 ▪ PostgreSQL

Question 33

Benefits of DBMS

Answer 33

▪ Improved data sharing and data security ▪ Effective data integration ▪ Compliance with privacy regulations ▪ Increased productivity ▪ Better decision-making

Question 34

Limitations of DBMS

Answer 34

▪ Struggle with handling vast data volumes ▪ No support for semi-structured and unstructured data ▪ Not suitable for horizontal scaling ▪ Rigid with schemas ▪ Scalability challenges with extremely large or unstructured data

Question 35

Disadvantages of DBMS

Answer 35

▪ High investment and maintenance costs ▪ Expertise requirement ▪ Complexity ▪ Migration and integration with legacy systems can be difficult ▪ Licensing and maintenance costs can be high

Question 36

Positive Impacts of DBMS

Answer 36

▪ Insights ▪ Scalability ▪ Collaboration

Question 37

Negative Impacts of DBMS

Answer 37

▪ Centralization ▪ Vendor-locking ▪ Complexity

Question 38

Future development in DBMS

Answer 38

▪ Vector and Graph databases ▪ AI-Native databases services ▪ Enterprise automation post-gen AI

Question 39

SYSTEM SOFTWARE Features

Answer 39

▪ High speed ▪ Hard to manipulate ▪ Written in low-level computer language ▪ Close to the system ▪ Versatile

Question 40

Types of System software

Answer 40

1. Operating system 2. The Language Processor/Translators 3. The Device Driver 4. Basic Input Output System (BIOS) 5. Utility Programs

Question 41

Types of Languages in the Human Machine Interaction

Answer 41

1. Machine level language 2. Assembly level language 3. High level language

Question 42

Kinds of Language processor

Answer 42

1. Assembler 2. Complier 3. Interpreter

Question 42

Examples of System Software

Answer 42

▪ (OS) Unix ▪ Device Drivers ▪ BIOS

Question 43

Benefits of System Software

Answer 43

▪ Resource Management ▪ Performance Optimization ▪ Compatibility ▪ Security ▪ User Interface

Question 44

Limitations of System Software

Answer 44

▪ Cost ▪ System Overhead ▪ Upgrade Challenges ▪ Limited Customization ▪ Complexity

Question 45

Positive Impacts

Answer 45

▪ Improves performance ▪ Enhances security ▪ User-friendly interface

Question 46

Negative Impacts

Answer 46

▪ Costly ▪ Requires frequent updates ▪ Consumers system resources