What are main bioenergy applications?
- Biofuels (liquid or gaseous)
- Biopower/bioheat (burning biomass directly)
- bioproducts (coverting biomass to chemicals)
How much bioenergy we use in Finland and what is behind this development?
Bioenergy made up about 73 % of Finlands renewable energy in 2023. A strong forest indrustry, cold climate, plentiful forest biomass and good fuel-supply logistics and infrstructure are behind this development.
What kind of taxes relevied on fossil fuels? How are they defined? In which case must taxes be paid?
The revised fuel tax has an energy component and a CO2 component. The energy component of liquid fuels is largely based on energy content. The new CO2 component is based on a life-cycle approach to emmissions. Taxes apply when those taxed fuels are used. Bioenergy is tax-free. Coal and natural gas have reduced energy component tax when used in CHP.
Are there any exemptions on fuel taxation on heat production?
Coal and natural gas have reduced level of taxation on combined heat and power. Bioenergy is tax-free and taxation of fuel peat is not based on emmissions.
How has the pellet market developed in Finland during last years?
Domestic wood pellet production was lower than in the previous three years. The role of pellets in Finnish energy production has been minor, and they have only covered a few percent of the total consumption of wood energy. Imports of wood pellets increased significantly while exports stopped.
Who are typical customers for pellets in Finland and where might be the fututre potential market?
The typical customers for pellets in Finland are small houses and larger properties that heat with pellets. The future potential market that has the greatest growth seems to be medium size sector. New build communities are also an interesting market for local heating networks by pellets.
How does Finland promote the use of renewable energy in Finland and especially bioenergy?
-Investment subsidies
-Subsidies for RES (renewable energy system) heating systems
-Support via energy taxation
-Support for energy wood harvesting programmes
-Past feed-in tariffs
-Obligation to distribute biofuels
-Information and advisory activities
