Paper 2 Evaluation

Question 1

Circadian rhythms

Answer 1

Supporting evidence -Siffre study
Weakness of supporting- artificial light
Real world application- Pharmacokinetics- best time to administer drugs
Real world application- Shift work

Question 2

Biological approach

Answer 2

• Determinist- implications for legal system
• Reductionist- may not be complete explanation
• Problems with twin studies- MZ more likely to share environment
• Scientific methods - approach based on reliable & objects data

Question 3

Fight or flight response

Answer 3

• Not appropriate for modern day stressors
• ‘Freeze’ response may come before
• Difference in male and female roles- females may use ‘tend and befriend’
• Speisman et al (1964)- recordings of primitive and gruesome medical procedures

Question 4

Localisation of function

Answer 4

• Phineas Gage- change in personality
• Lashley study on rats- found learning was not localised to a particular area
• A French neurologist- connects between areas
• Studies on people with Broca’s aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 5

Plasticity

Answer 5

• Macguire et al (2000)- taxi driver study
• Mechelli et al (2004)- bilingual brains vs monolingual brains
• Bezzola et al- golf training on motor cortex

Question 6

Functional recovery

Answer 6

• Schneider et al (2014)- collage education
• Real world application- neurorehabilitation- maintain improvements of functioning

Question 7

Infradian rhythms

Answer 7

• Stern and McClintock’s study- Pheromones
• Stern and McClintock’s study evolutionary value

Question 8

Ultradian rhythms

Answer 8

Derment and Kleitman- EEG- brain activity varied to how vivid dreams were
Replications of the study found similar findings- original study critised for sample size

Question 9

Humanistic approach

Answer 9

• Strength- holistic
• Strength- promotes positive image
• Weakness- vague ideas that are hard to test
• Weakness- does not apply to other cultures

Question 10

Cognitive approach

Answer 10

• Real-world applications- CBT and artificial intelligence
• Scientific approach- controlled and rigorous methods
• Suffers machine reductionism- ignores influence of emotions (e.g. anxiety)
• Relies on inferences & artificial stimuli- Results may not generalise, and cannot be directly measured