PAPER 2 - past paper errors

Question 1

In a transverse wave, the direction of oscillation is ________________________to the direction of energy transfer by the wave.

Answer 1

perpendicular

Question 2

When will a flask filled with boiling water emit infrared radiation at the greatest rate? box
Give a reason for your answer.
[2 marks]
Tick () one box.
During the 1st minute
During the 5th minute
During the 9th minute
Reason_______________

Answer 2

during the 1st minute
there is the greatest
temperature difference (between
the hot water and the
surroundings)

Question 3

Air resistance and friction are contact forces.
Give one other example of a contact force.
[1 mark]

Answer 3

any one from:
* tension
* normal contact (force)
* upthrust

Question 4

Describe the motion of an object with a resultant force of 0N
[1 mark]

Answer 4

constant velocity

Question 5

How could the driver increase the moment about the pivot without increasing the size
of the force? (1 mark)

Answer 5

apply the force further away
from the pivot

Question 6

In an emergency the driver needs to apply the brakes suddenly to stop the
car quickly.

The driver of the car is distracted.

Explain why the distraction will increase the stopping distance.
[3 marks]

Answer 6

stopping distance includes
thinking distance

there is an additional time
before the driver applies the
brakes.

(so) the thinking distance will
increase

Question 7

Explain why the temperature of the brakes increases as they are used.
[2 marks]

Answer 7

work is done due to friction (in
the brakes)

(causing) an increase in the
internal / thermal energy (of the
brakes)

Question 8

The microphone is used to convert the pressure variations in sound waves into
variations in _______________________.

Answer 8

current
or
potential difference

Question 9

Some magnets are permanent magnets and some are induced magnets.
What is an induced magnet?
[1 mark]

Answer 9

an induced magnet is a material
that becomes a magnet when it
is placed in a magnetic field
or
an induced magnet loses most /
all of its magnetism (quickly)
when removed from a magnetic
field

Question 10

During a collision between a bumper car and the barrier, the bumper car and barrier
act as a closed system.
What is meant by a ‘closed system’?
[1 mark]

Answer 10

the total amount of energy (of
the bumper car and barrier)
remains constant.
or
total momentum (of bumper car
and barrier) before collision
equals total momentum (of
bumper car and barrier) after
collision
or
the resultant external force
acting (on the system) is zero

Question 11

How does Newton’s Third Law of motion apply to the collision between a bumper car and a barrier?
[1 mark]

Answer 11

the force of the car on the
barrier is equal to the force of
the barrier on the car and in the
opposite direction

Question 12

The bumper car has a flexible bumper.
Explain how the flexible bumper reduces the risk of injury to the people in the
bumper car during the collision.
[3 marks]

Answer 12

increases the time taken for the
collision to occur

(so) the rate of change of
momentum decreases

reducing the force (on the
people)

Question 13

What name is given to objects that orbit a planet?
[1 mark]

Answer 13

satellite
allow moon

Question 14

Explain the effect of the Earth’s gravitational force on the motion of the Hubble Space Telescope (which orbits the earth)
[3 marks]

Answer 14

gravitational force causes the
Hubble Space Telescope to
accelerate towards the Earth
this changes the direction of
motion (but not the speed)
so changes the velocity of the
Hubble Space Telescope

Question 15

What name is given to reflection from a smooth surface?
[1 mark]

Answer 15

specular (reflection)