Topic 5 - Forces (3) Flashcards by Hattie Wilson

DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is a scalar quantity?

a quantity that has magnitude but no direction

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is a vector quantity?

a quantity that has magnitude and direction

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is distance?
What type of quantity is it?

how far an object has moved
it’s a scalar quantity (doesn’t involve direction)

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What type of quantity is displacement?
What does it measure?

displacement is a vector quantity
it measures the distance and direction in a straight linefrom an object’s starting point to its finishing point (e.g. the plane flew 5 metres north)

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What can the direction of displacement be relative to?

a point, e.g towards the school
or a bearing (a 3 digit angle from the north_

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
If you walk 5m north, then 5m south…
What is your displacement?
What is your distance travelled?

displacement = 0m
distance travelled = 10m

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is the same and different about speed and velocity?

they both measure how fast you’re going
but speed is a scalar and velocity is a vector

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is speed?

How fast something is going with no regard to the direction

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is velocity?

velocity is speed in a given direction
(e.g. 30 mph north or 20m/s, 060*

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What can the direction of velocity be relative to?

a point
a bearing

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
When do you have an object travelling at a constant speed with a changing velocity?

when an object is changing direction whilst staying at the same speed

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
If a car is going around a roundabout at a constant speed, what is happening to the velocity?

it is constantly changing as the direction is always changing

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
How can you calculate the speed of an object moving at a constant speed?

time how long it takes the object to travel a certain distance (e.g. using a ruler and a stopwatch), then use the formula s=vtDISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
How can the formula s=vt for calculating distance still be used when measuring an object that is not travelling at a constant speed?

the formula gives the average (mean) speed during that time
(for example, when you walk, run or travel in a car0

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What are the typical speeds for each thing:
- a person walking
- a person running
- a person cycling

1.5 m/s
3 m/s
6 m/s

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What are the typical speeds for each thing: in m/s

a car
a train
a plane

25 m/s
30 m/s
250 m/s

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
Name 4 factors that can affect the speed that a person walks, runs or cycles

fitness
age
distance travelled
terrain
as well as many other factors

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What is the speed of sound in air?

330 m/s

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DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What can vary the speed of sound?

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what the sound waves are travelling through

DISTANCE, DISPLACEMENT, SPEED AND VELOCITY:
What 3 factors can affects wind speed?

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temperature
atmospheric pressure
if there are any large buildings or structures nearby (e.g. forests reduce the speed of air travelling through them)

ACCELERATION:
What is acceleration?

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the change in velocity in a certain amount of time

ACCELERATION:
What is uniform acceleration?

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speeding up (or slowing down) at a constant rate

ACCELERATION:
What is deceleration?

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negative acceleration (when something slows down, the change in velocity is negative)

ACCELERATION:
REMEMBER- if the question asks for deceleration you don’t need a minus symbol but if its acceleration you do

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ACCELERATION: What is constant acceleration sometimes known as?

uniform acceleration

ACCELERATION: What is the acceleration for objects free falling due to gravity?

acceleration due to gravity is uniform for all objects in free fall its roughly 9.8 m/s squared near the earth's surface (has the same value as gravitational field strength)

ACCELERATION: What is the acceleration of objects falling near earth equal to?

earth's gravitational field strength (9.8)

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: When can an object's movement be plotted on a distance- time graph?

if an object moves in a straight line

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What does the gradient of the graph show?

speed (the steeper the graph, the faster the object is moving).

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What do flat sections show?

where it's stationary

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What do straight uphill sections show?

travelling at a steady speed

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What do curves represent?

acceleration or deceleration

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What does a steepening curve show?

th object speeding up

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: What does a levelling off curve show?

the object slowing down

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: When the object is accelerating how can you find its speed at a point?

finding the gradient of the tangent to the curve at that point

DISTANCE-TIME GRAPHS: Why does a steeper gradient mean a faster speed?

speed = distance/ time = (change in vertical axis) / (change in horizontal axis)

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: When is an object's movement plotted on a velocity-time graph?

when an object's velocity changes as it travels

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What is plotted on a velocity-time graph?

how an object's velocity changes as it travels

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What does the gradient show? Why?

acceleration, since acceleration is change in velocity / time

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What do flat sections show?

travelling at a steady speed

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What does a steeper graph show?

greater acceleration or deceleration

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What do uphill sections show (/)?

acceleration

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What do downhill sections show?

deceleration

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What does a curve mean?

changing acceleration

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: Where the graph is curved, how can you find the acceleration at a certain point?

use a tangent to the curve at a point to find the acceleration at that point

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: What is the area under the graph equal to?

the area under any section of the graph (or all of it) is equa to the distance travelled in that time interval

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: How can you find the area is the section under the graph is irregular?

count the squares under the line and multiply the number by the value ofone square (only count squares where more than half of the square is under the line)

Topic 5 - Forces (3) Flashcards

(47 cards)