Part 1 Flashcards by Marion Gerrar Paule

Which of the following statements may be associated with the activity of insulin?

A. elevates blood glucose levels
B. promotes release of hepatic glucose into plasma
C. decreases glucose uptake by cells
D. stimulates glycogenesis

D. stimulates glycogenesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A reference cuvette is used in double beam spectrophotometry in order to

A. increase the sensitivity of the measurement
B. minimize error caused by variations in light source intensity
C. obviate the need for wavelength adjustment
D. reduce stray light effects

B. minimize error caused by variations in light source intensity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A fluorometer uses a secondary monochromator to isolate the wavelength emitted by the

A. gas discharge lamp
B. atomizer
C. ground-state atoms
D. excited molecules

D. excited molecules

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the effect of an increase in temperature on the degree of fluorescence?

A. increased
B. decreased
C. variable
D. no effect

B. decreased

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Calculate the absorbance value given a transmittance of 85%.

A. 0.15
B. 1.5
C. 0.07
D. 0.7

C. 0.07

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Calculate the concentration of the unknown analyte given the following data: concentration of the standard = 100 mg/dL; absorbance of the standard = 0.048; absorbance of the sample = 0.039

A. 0.8125 mg/dL
B. 81.25 mg/dL
C. 1.23 mg/dL
D. 123.07 mg/dL

B. 81.25 mg/dL

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following refers to a solution containing various analytes with known target values and is analyzed with patient samples to monitor analytical performance?

A. Blank
B. Standard
C. Calibrator
D. Control

D. Control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is the most common source of light for work in the visible and near-infrared regions?

A. Deuterium
B. Mercury arc
C. Xenon
D. Tungsten

D. Tungsten

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following may cause stray light?
1. Second-order spectra
2. Deteriorated optics
3. Light dispersed by a darkened lamp envelope
4. Extraneous room light

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is the most commonly used type of monochromator consisting of many parallel grooves etched onto a polished surface?

A. Colored glass filter
B. Interference filter
C. Prism
D. Diffraction grating

D. Diffraction grating

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The detector in a fluorometer is at right angle to the excitation light source in order to

A. fit better in the instrument
B. prevent light interference from the source
C. decrease the light path length
D. include both excitation and emission energies

B. prevent light interference from the source

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of the chopper in a double-beam-in-time spectrophotometer?

A. alternately passes incident light through the sample and reference cuvettes
B. produces a square wave representing the ratio of sample and reference signals
C. allows measurement at two wavelengths simultaneously
D. all of these

A. alternately passes incident light through the sample and reference cuvettes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following are true about type 1 diabetes?
1. represents <10 % of diabetes cases
2. ketoacidosis is common
3. results from autoimmune destruction β islet cells 4. most cases obesity-related

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

C. 1, 2, and 3

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the % transmittance of a solution whose absorbance is 0.375?

A. 1.625
B. 4.22
C. 16.25
D. 42.0

D. 42.0

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following laboratory findings are associated with hyperglycemia?
1. increased serum osmolarity
2. low blood and urine pH
3. increased urine specific gravity
4. decreased osmolal gap

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

C. 1, 2, and 3

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following fasting plasma glucose results falls within the range for pre-diabetes?

A. 120 mg/dL
B. 130 mg/dL
C. 150 mg/dL
D. 205 mg/dL

A. 120 mg/dL

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What percentage of lipoprotein cholesterol is esterified?

A. 50%
B. 30%
C. 70%
D. 98%

C. 70%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In lipoprotein electrophoresis, the dense band that does not migrate from the origin consists of

A. chylomicrons
B. LDL
C. β-VLDL
D. cholesterol

A. chylomicrons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which lipoprotein is associated with obstructive biliary disease and familial LCAT deficiency?

A.B-VLDL
B. LpX
C. Lp(a)
D. LDL

B. LpX

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The measurement of the plasma concentration of which of the following is the best direct way to
estimate LDL?

A. Apo-A
B. Apo-B
C. Apo-C
D. Apo-D

B. Apo-B (mainly Apo-B 100)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which phenotype in the Frederickson classification of hyperlipoproteinemia is characterized by elevation of triglyceride and cholesterol levels due to increases in both VLDL and LDL?

A. Type 2b
B. Type 3
C. Type 4
D. Type 5

Study These Flashcards

A. Type 2b (Familial Combined Hyperliporoteinemia)

Which of the following serves as a recognition factor that mobilizes chylomicron and VLDL remnants to hepatic receptors?

A. Apo A
B. Apo B-48
C. Apo E
D. Apo C

Study These Flashcards

C. Apo E

Which of the following serves as the starting point in many metabolic pathways including vitamin D synthesis?

A. cholesterol
B. phospholipid
C. triglyceride
D. free fatty acid

Study These Flashcards

A. cholesterol

Which of the following methods uses both biuret reagent and phosphotungstomolybdic acid to oxidize the aromatic side groups on proteins?

A. Ninhydrin
B. Kjeldahl
C. Lowry
D. Dye-binding

Study These Flashcards

C. Lowry

Which of the following dyes is the most specific for measurement of albumin? A. Bromcresol green B. Bromcresol purple C. Methyl orange D. Hydroxyazobenzene benzoic acid

B. Bromcresol purple

Which of the following proteins has the lowest pI? A. Albumin B. Transferrin C. Ceruloplasmin D. IgG

A. Albumin

Which of the following proteins migrates to the β region in serum electrophoresis at pH 8.6? A. Haptoglobin B. Orosomucoid C. Fibrinogen D. Complement C3

D. Complement C3

What clinical manifestation would be consistent with a densitometric pattern that shows a marked decrease in the α1-globulin peak area? A. Pulmonary emphysema B. Acute inflammation C. Nephrotic syndrome D. Agammaglobulinemia

A. Pulmonary emphysema

Which of the following conditions would result in elevations in primarily conjugated bilirubin? A. Dubin-Johnson syndrome B. Physiologic jaundice of the newborn C. Crigler-Najjar syndrome D. Gilbert’s syndrome

A. Dubin-Johnson syndrome

What condition is consistent with decreased level or absence of urobilinogen in urine? A. Biliary obstruction B. Viral hepatitis C. Hemolytic anemia D. Hepatocellular disease

A. Biliary obstruction

What may be the cause of neonatal physiological jaundice of the hepatic type? A. Hemolytic episode caused by an ABO incompatibility B. Stricture of the common bile duct C. Hemolytic episode caused by an Rh incompatibility D. Deficiency in the bilirubin conjugation enzyme system

D. Deficiency in the bilirubin conjugation enzyme system

Which reagent is used in the Evelyn-Malloy method to solubilize unconjugated bilirubin? A. 50% methanol B. N-butanol C. Caffeine D. Acetic acid

A. 50% methanol

The azobilirubin produced after the addition of caffeine and diazo reagent represents: A. Direct bilirubin B. Indirect bilirubin C. Total bilirubin D. Delta bilirubin

C. Total bilirubin

Which of the following is a rare form of jaundice caused by an inhibitor of UDP-glucuronyl transferase in maternal plasma that crosses the placenta? A. Physiologic jaundice of the newborn B. Lucey –Driscoll syndrome C. Rotor syndrome D. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Lucey –Driscoll syndrome

Which statement about colorimetric-spectrophotometric bilirubin methods is true? A. Direct bilirubin must react with diazo reagent under alkaline conditions B. Most methods are based upon reaction with diazotized sulfanilic acid C. Ascorbic acid can be used to eliminate interference caused by Hgb D. The color of the azobilirubin product is independent of pH

B. Most methods are based upon reaction with diazotized sulfanilic acid

In the enzymatic assay of bilirubin, how is measurement of both total and direct bilirubin accomplished? A. Using different pH for total and direct assays B. Using UDP glucuronyl transferase and bilirubin reductase C. Using different polarity modifiers D. Measuring the rate of absorbance decrease at different time intervals

A. Using different pH for total and direct assays

What reaction serves as the basis of the Evelyn-Malloy and Jendrassik-Grof methods? A. Van den Bergh B. Bilirubin oxidase reaction C. Biuret D. Liebermann-Burchard

A. Van den Bergh

Which of the following proteins shows a 10-fold increase in nephrotic syndrome? A. α1-acid glycoprotein B. α2-macroglobulin C. Albumin D. α1-antitrypsin

B. α2-macroglobulin

Which of the following methods of bilirubin determination cannot be used with adult serum due to the possible interference by carotenoid pigments in the blood? A. Direct spectrophotometric B. Jendrassik-Grof C. Evelyn-Malloy D. Enzymatic

A. Direct spectrophotometric

What is the specific wavelength used in UV absorption method for protein? A. 260 nm B. 280 nm C. 540 nm D. 595 nm

B. 280 nm

Globulins in serum are usually determined by: A. Biuret reaction B. Dye-binding C. MgSO4 fractionation D. Calculation as difference between TP and albumin

D. Calculation as difference between TP and albumin

What is the normal albumin/globulin ratio? A. 0.1-0.2 B. 0.2-1.1 C. 1.1-2.0 D. 2.0-11

C. 1.1-2.0

Which of the following would be consistent with an A/G ratio of 0.8 and a total protein level of 9.0 g/dL? A. Albumin is increased, globulin is decreased B. Both albumin and globulin are decreased C. Both albumin and globulin are increased D. Albumin is decreased, globulin is increased

D. Albumin is decreased, globulin is increased

Which of the following MI markers is considered most specific being found only in the myocardium? A. Myoglobin B. Troponin C. Creatine kinase D. Lactate dehydrogenase

B. Troponin

In the presence of oxygen and water, the reaction between uric acid and uricase causes: A. the formation of allantoin B. an increase in UV absorption C. the production of NADH D. a reduction of phosphotungstic acid

A. the formation of allantoin

The UV-uricase method for uric acid assay depends on: A. Absorbance measurement at 293 nm before and after treatment with uricase B. Collection of evolved gas after uricase treatment C. Measurement of color intensity following chromogen oxidation D. Formation of tungsten blue complex

A. Absorbance measurement at 293 nm before and after treatment with uricase

When urea is to be determined by the enzymatic method, a gray-top tube should not be used because A. It contains urea B. The additive reacts with Nessler’s reagent C. It causes turbidity D. The additive inhibits urease

D. The additive inhibits urease

Which of the following statements regarding creatinine methods is incorrect? A. Fuller’s earth reagent improves the specificity of the Jaffe reaction. B. The kinetic Jaffe method prevents interference by noncreatinine chromogens. C. The reference values for Jaffe method are higher than those for enzymatic methods. D. Reaction of creatinine with alkaline picrate without adsorbent is highly specific.

D. Reaction of creatinine with alkaline picrate without adsorbent is highly specific.

In the diacetyl monoxime method, a yellow product is produced when diacetyl reacts with A. Creatinine B. Uric acid C. Ammonia D. Urea

D. Urea

In the evaluation of renal function, which of the following would correlate with a serum creatinine of 3.5 mg/dL? A. Urea = 85 mg/dL B. Urea nitrogen = 10 mg/dL C. Urea = 15 mg/dL D. Creatinine clearance = 105 mL/min

A. Urea = 85 mg/dL

Part 1 Flashcards

(50 cards)