Pasteurella

Question 1

What is t he gram reaction of Pasteurella?

Answer 1

Gram negative

Question 2

Is Pasteurella motile?

Answer 2

No its non-motile

Question 3

What is the shape of Pasteurella?

Answer 3

Coccobacilli

Question 4

What is the oxygen requirement of Pasteurella?

Answer 4

Facultative anaerobe

Question 5

What is the oxidase result of Pasteurella?

Answer 5

Oxidase-Positive

Question 6

What is the NO3 test result of Pasteurella?

Answer 6

Nitrate reducing

Question 7

What is the carbohydrate fermentation result of Pasteurella?

Answer 7

Carbohydrate fermentative

Question 8

Where is Pasteurella found?

Answer 8

As commensal parasites in animals

Question 9

What structure does the Pasteurella species possess?

Answer 9

Capsules with acidic polysaccharides

Question 10

What type of acid does P. multocida type A have?

Answer 10

Hyaluronic acid

Question 11

What do capsules have to do with pathogenicity?

Answer 11

Strain-A (capsulated P. multocida) - has 100% mortality
Strain-B (uncapsulated P. multocida) - has 0% mortality at low doses

Question 12

Which cellular product of Pasteurella binds to macrophages and is toxic to respiratory endothelial cells?

Answer 12

Lipopolysaccharide

Question 13

What are the two kinds of outer membrane proteins (OMP) of Pasteurella?

Answer 13

Iron-regulated and Toxic

Question 14

What are some proteins that aid in pathogenicity?

Answer 14

Adhesins (for adhesion)
Leukotoxins (for MHC interference)
Hyaluronidase and Neuraminidase

Question 15

What is the effect of leukotoxins at high and low concentrations?

Answer 15

High = kills leukocytes
Low = activates leukocytes

Question 16

What are the properties of the P. multocida toxin (Pmt)

Answer 16

Dermonecrotic
Osteolytic
Turbinate atrophy

Can control cellular actin cytoskeleton

Question 17

Where is Pasteurella found?

Answer 17

Mucous membranes
Fowl cholera and hemorrhagic septicemia

Question 18

How does infection occur?

Answer 18

Inhalation, ingestion, contact with open wounds

Question 19

A Pasteurella infection is what kind of infection?

Answer 19

An endogenous infection (infection of commensal bacteria)

Question 20

What happens to vessels in the event of a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 20

Hemorrhage and fluid loss

Question 21

What happens to parenchymatous organs during a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 21

Focal necrosis

Question 22

What happens to mucous membranes during a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 22

Ulcerations

Question 23

What happens to the lungs during pneumonia?

Answer 23

Inflammatory cells can infiltrate the lung parenchyma

Question 24

What happens to lungs during a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 24

Tissues appear black, red, pink or gray

Necrosis, abscess formation, and fibrin deposition

Question 25

What happens to joints, ear, ovaries, and wattles during a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 25

Caseopurulent inflammation

Question 26

What happens to the turbinates and snout bones during a Pasteurella infection?

Answer 26

Distorted due to disturbed osteogenesis (osteolytic properties)

Question 27

What are the Pasteurella species that cause disease in cattle?

Answer 27

P. multocida P. haemolytica

Question 28

Which Pasteurella causes hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle?

Answer 28

P. multocida

Question 29

What causes shipping fever in cattle?

Answer 29

P. haemolytica

Question 30

What are the symptoms of pasteurella infection in cattle?

Answer 30

High fever Diarrhea Edema Sudden death Inappetance Respiratory signs

Question 31

What causes septicemic pasteurellosis in sheep and goats?

Answer 31

P. trehalosi

Question 32

What causes enzootic pneumonia in sheep and goats?

Answer 32

P. haemolytica

Question 33

What are the symptoms of pasteurella infection in sheep and goats?

Answer 33

Gangrenous mastitis

Question 34

What does P. multocida cause in swine?

Answer 34

Fibrinous pneumonia Atrophic rhinitis (usually a secondary infection to viral infection)

Question 35

What does P. multocida cause in rabbits?

Answer 35

Snuffles

Question 36

What are the symptoms of pasteurella infection in rabbits?

Answer 36

Bronchopneumonia Middle and inner ear infection Conjunctivitis Septicemia Orchitis Balanoposthitis Pyometra

Question 37

What does P. multocida cause in fowl?

Answer 37

Fowl cholera

Question 38

What are the symptoms of pasteurella infection in fowl?

Answer 38

Peracute-anorexia Diarrhea Nasal and ocular discharge Subacute-rales Mucopurulent discharge Chronic-caseous lesions

Question 39

What do P. multocida and P. canis cause in dog and cats?

Answer 39

Wound infections Feline pyothorax

Question 40

What does P. caballi cause in horses?

Answer 40

Equine respiratory disease

Question 41

What does P. pneumotropica cause in small laboratory rodeents?

Answer 41

Pneumonia

Question 42

What does P. multocida cause in humans?

Answer 42

Wound infection from animals

Question 43

How effective are Pasteurella adjuvant bacterins?

Answer 43

They only protect against hemorrhagic septicemia for two years

Question 44

What is the most effective vaccine against fowl cholera?

Answer 44

Attenuated vaccines

Question 45

What is the problem with shipping fever vaccines?

Answer 45

Inconsistent benefits

Question 46

What vaccines are effective against atropic rhinitis?

Answer 46

Bacterins with toxoids against P. multocida and B. bronchiseptica

Question 47

How do we directly examine Pasteurella for diagnosis?

Answer 47

Observe for exudates, tissue impressions, sediments of transtracheal aspirates Do blood smears

Question 48

What is Pasteurella resistant to?

Answer 48

Aminoglycosides

Question 49

How is Pasteurella infection treated?

Answer 49

With antimicrobials or having withdrawal period

Question 50

What are the antimicrobials that Pasteurella is susceptible to?

Answer 50

Sulfonamides Penicillin G Ceftiofur Tilmicosin Florffenicol Tetracyclin