PATH 181 LO 7

Question 1

what does systole mean?

Answer 1

contraction of heart

Question 2

what does diastole mean?

Answer 2

relaxation of heart

Question 3

What are the heart and hormone regulations?

Answer 3

• ANH (atrial natriuretic hormone)
• Catecholamines
• renin/angiotensin and aldosterone

Question 4

What is the systolic hypertension?

Answer 4

> 140 mmHg

Question 5

What is the diastolic hypertension?

Answer 5

> 90

Question 6

What is the normal BP?

Answer 6

120/80

Question 7

What is primary hypertension caused by?

Answer 7

(90-95%) in cardiac disease patients with no known cause

Question 8

What is secondary hypertension caused by?

Answer 8

caused by renal, adrenal tumors, drugs, pregnancy

Question 9

what is atherosclerosis?

Answer 9

hardening of the arteries and most common cause of heart disease

Question 10

what is atheromas?

Answer 10

abnormal deposits of lipids in arteries

Question 11

What are some risk factors for atherosclerosis?

Answer 11

• Age
• Sex
• Heredity
• Smoking
• Hyperlipidemia
• Diabetes
• Lifestyle

Question 12

What are the three major lipid components found in blood?

Answer 12

• Triglycerides
• Cholesterol
• Phospholipids

Question 13

What does apolipoprotein do?

Answer 13

• package lipids and help with solubility and metabolism

- Directs lipids to target organs and tissues

Question 14

What does lipoproteins do?

Answer 14

• transport lipids in the blood

- Lipid + apolipoprotein

Question 15

What makes lipids (which are water insoluble) soluble?

Answer 15

packaged by apolipoproteins as lipoproteins

Question 16

What do chylomicrons do?*

Answer 16

deliver lipids to hepatic and peripheral cells

Question 17

What is homocysteine?

Answer 17

a protein marker (not an enzyme)

Question 18

What does a increased homocysteine mean?

Answer 18

coronary heart disease

Question 19

What is High sensitivity CRP?

Answer 19

inflammatory protein. If high can be at risk for cardiovascular disease

Question 20

What is the treatment for MI?

Answer 20

Anticoagulant
APTT- heparin
PT - coumadin/warfarin

Question 21

When is myoglobin

• Detected
• Peak
• Duration

Answer 21

• Detected: 1-4 hrs
• Peaks: 6-9 hrs
• Duration: 1 day

Question 22

When is troponin

• detected
• peak
• duration

Answer 22

• detected: 4-6 hrs
• peak: 12-48hrs
• Duration: 7-10 days

Question 23

When is CK

• detected
• peak
• Duration

Answer 23

• detected: 4-6 hrs
• peaks: 24 hrs
• duration: 2-3 days

Question 24

When is AST

• detected
• peak
• duration

Answer 24

• detected: 6-8 hrs
• peaks: 24 hrs
• duration: 4-6 days

Question 25

When is LD - detected - peak - duration

Answer 25

detected: 12-24 hrs - peaks: 48-72 - Duration: 10 days