What congenital anomalies are commonly associated with urinary tract malformations? List at least 8.
Distinguish between renal aplasia, hypoplastic kidneys, and renal dysplasia.
What genes are mutated in autosomal dominant PKD, and what chromosomes are they on?
What is autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD) and how does it differ from the dominant form?
Compare unilateral vs. bilateral renal agenesis (Potter Syndrome).
What are urethral valves and who do they affect?
Distinguish hypospadias fom epispadias.
What is bladder exstrophy and when must it be repaired?
What is poststreptoccal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)? Who gets it and what causes it?
What are the clinical manifestations and treatment of PSGN?
What is Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSP) and what are its 4 classic clinical manifestations?
What are the 4 hallmark findings of nephrotic syndrome?
Distinguish mininmal change nephropathy (MCN) from focal segmental glomerulonephritis.
What causes congential nephrotic syndrome (Finnish type) and why is it unique?
What are the clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome in children?
What is the treatment plan for nephrotic syndrome? List at least 6 elements.
What is HUS, what causes it, and what age group does it primarily affect?
Walk through the pathophysiology of HUS step by step.
What are the clinical manifestations and treatment of HUS?
How do UTI presentations differ between infants and older children?
What is vesicoutereral reflux (VUR), how is it diagnosed, and how is it graded?
What is the treatment for VUR?
Define enuresis and distinguish primary from secondary.
What are the treatment options for daytime incontinence vs enuresis?
