Pharynx

Question 1

BS of hard palate

Answer 1

1. Greater palatine branch of maxillary A

Drain into pterygoid venous plexus

Question 2

NS of hard palate

Answer 2

Greater palatine and nasopalatine branches of pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 3

Lymphatics of hard palate

Answer 3

Upper cervical lymph nodes

Retropharyngeal lymph nodes

Question 4

Passavant’s ridge

Answer 4

• Upper fibres of palatopharyngeus pass deep to mucous membrane to form sphincter internal to sup. constrictor
• Raises a ridge called passavants ridge
• When soft palate is elevated, it comes into contact with this ridge

Question 5

BS of soft palate

Answer 5

1. Greater palatine branch of maxillary A
2. Ascending palatine branch of facial A
3. Palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal A
   Pterygoid and tonsillar venous plexus

Question 6

Lymphatics of soft palate

Answer 6

Upper deep cervical

Retropharyngeal

Question 7

Boundaries of pharynx

Answer 7

A: Nasal, oral cavity, larynx
P: Prevertebral fascia
S: Base of skull, body of sphenoid
I: continues with oesophagus
Sides:
1. Medial pterygoid plate
2. Mandible
3. Tongue
4. Hyoid bone
5. Thyroid, cricoid cartilage
6. Styloid process
7. Carotids

Question 8

Location of palatine tonsil

Answer 8

tonsillar sinus b/w palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches

Question 9

Medial surface of palatine tonsil

Answer 9

• stratified squamous epithelium
• 12-15 crypts
• large crypts called intratonsillar clefts

Question 10

Lateral surface of palatine tonsil

Answer 10

• extension of pharyngobasilar fascia forms hemicapsule

- pierced by tonsillar A

Question 11

Bed of tonsil

Answer 11

In to out

1. Pharyngobasilar fascia
2. Superior constrictor
3. Palatopharyngeus
4. Buccopharyngeal fascia
5. Styloglossus
6. Glossopharyngeal N

Question 12

BS of palatine tonsil

Answer 12

1. Tonsillar branch of facial A
2. Ascending palatine branch of facial
3. Dorsal lingual A
4. Ascending pharyngeal branch
5. Greater palatine A

Question 13

Lymphatics of palatine tonsil

Answer 13

Jugulodigastric node

Question 14

Nerve supply of palatine tonsil

Answer 14

Glossopharyngeal

Lesser palatine

Question 15

Layers of pharyngeal wall

Answer 15

In to out

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Pharyngobasilar fascia - thick in part b/w sup. constrictor and skull
4. Muscular - 6 muscles
5. Pharygeal plexus of nerves and veins
6. Buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 16

Origin of superior constrictor

Answer 16

1. Pterygoid hamulus
2. Pterygomandibular raphae
3. Mandible
4. Side of tongue

Question 17

Origin of middle constrictor

Answer 17

1. Stylohyoid ligament

2. Lesser and greater cornu of hyoid

Question 18

Origin of inferior constrictor

Answer 18

Cricopharyngeus - cricoid

Thyropharyngeus - Oblique line and inferior cornu of thyroid cartilage

Question 19

Nerve supply of pharynx

Answer 19

1 Pharyngeal branches of vagus, glossopharyngeal and superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

2. Motor - Cranial accessory N
3. Sensory - Glossopharyngeal N
4. Taste - Internal laryngeal N

Question 20

BS of pharynx

Answer 20

1. Ascending pharyngeal A
2. Ascending palatine
3. Tonsillar
4. Dorsal lingual branch
5. Greater palatine, pterygoid, pharyngeal

Question 21

Lymphatic drainage of pharynx

Answer 21

Retropharyngeal

Deep cervical

Question 22

Relations of bony part of eustachian tube

Answer 22

S: Canal for tensor tympani
M: Carotid canal
L: Chorda tympani, auriculotemporal N

Question 23

Relations of cartilagenous part of auditory tube

Answer 23

Ant-lat: Tensor veli palatini, Otic ganglion, Chorda tympani, Middle meningeal A
Post-med: Petrous temporal, tensor veli palatini

Question 24

BS of auditory tube

Answer 24

1. Ascending pharyngeaL
2. Middle meningeal
3. Artery of pterygoid canal
   Pharyngeal and pterygoid venous plexus

Question 25

Nerve supply of auditory tube

Answer 25

1. Maxillary N 2. Mandibular N 3. Glossopharyngeal N