Wonder - the only beginning of philosophy
Plato
It is owing to their wonder that men both now begin and at first began to philosophize
Aristotle
The first philosopher; believed that all is water
Thales
Apeiron “unbounded”
Anaximander
Believed that all is air
Anaximenes
Believed that all is number
Pythagoras
Everything is change; we cannot step twice in the same river; logos-fire “universal principle”
Heraclitus
Reality is one; what is, is, and it is impossible for it not to be
Parmenides
Fire, water, earth and air - fundamental materials of the world
Empedocles
Atoms are numberless, primary beings, and foundation of the world-process
Democritus & Leucippus (the atomists)
Primordial being; nous or mind
Anaxagoras