Phylogeny

Question 1

What is taxonomy?

Answer 1

• The classification, identification and naming of organisms
• Produces a hierarchy of groups of organisms
• Aims to show how related organisms are by grouping them according to their morphology

Question 2

What is the theory of evolution?

Answer 2

All living things are descebded from a common ancestor in the same way that family members are related to eachother through common ancestor

Question 3

What is phylogeny?

Answer 3

The evolutionary relatedness between and among species or group of species

Question 4

What is phylogenetic organizing?

Answer 4

Comparing features common to different species, anatomist try to distinguish between homologies and analogies

Question 5

What are homologies?

Answer 5

similarities inherited from a common ancestor (analysis of genetic differences (DNA))

Question 6

What are analogies?

Answer 6

Similarities that arise in response to similar habits & living conditions ( comparison of anatomical traits)

Question 7

Whats an example of homologous organizing?

Answer 7

Bird and bat forelimbs are homologous- they inherit forelimbs from a common ancestor with forelimbs

Question 8

Whats an example of analogous organization?

Answer 8

Bird and bat wings are analogous- they have seperate evolutionary otigins but are similar because they both experienced natural selection that shaped them to aid in flight

Question 9

What are cladograms?

Answer 9

• Phylogenic trees which is a diagram showing the evolutionary relationships or common ancestry of groups of species or populations
• They can be oriented vertically, horizontally, or diagonally