Physics 2

Question 1

wave

Answer 1

a wave is a travelling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another

Question 2

transverse wave

Answer 2

the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave

Question 3

longitudinal wave

Answer 3

the disturbance is parallel to the direction of travel of the wave

Question 4

periodic waves

Answer 4

consist of cycles or patterns produced repeatedly by the source

Question 5

wavelength

Answer 5

the horizontal length of one cycle of the wave

Question 6

period

Answer 6

the time taken to complete one cycle

Question 7

frequency

Answer 7

the inverse of the period. (1/period)

Question 8

pressure amplitude

Answer 8

the magnitude of the maximum change in pressure,
measured relative to the undisturbed or atmospheric pressure.

Question 9

loudness

Answer 9

an attribute of sound that depends primarily on pressure amplitude

Question 10

amplitude

Answer 10

the maximum excursion of a particle of the medium from the particle’s undisturbed position

Question 11

condensation

Answer 11

regions in a sound wave where the particles of the medium are compressed together. when the speaker diaphragm moves outwards

Question 12

rarefraction

Answer 12

regions in a sound wave where the particles of the medium are spread apart. when the diaphragm moves inwards

Question 13

sound intensity

Answer 13

the power passing perpendicularly through a surface per unit of area

Question 14

power

Answer 14

the amount of energy transported per second

Question 15

the doppler effect

Answer 15

the change in frequency or pitch of the sound detected by an observer because the sound source and the observer have different velocities with respect to the medium of sound propagation

Question 16

intensity reflection coefficient

Answer 16

the ratio of the intensity of the reflected wave relative to the transmitted wave

Question 17

principle of linear superposition

Answer 17

when two or more sound waves are present in the same place at the same time, their effects overlap. the adding together of individual pulses to form a resultant pulse is an example of a more general concept called the principle of linear superposition

Question 18

constructive interference

Answer 18

when waves meet condensation to condensation and rarefaction to rarefaction they are in phase and exhibit constructive interference

Question 19

diffraction

Answer 19

the bending of a wave

Question 20

destructive interference

Answer 20

when waves meet condensation to rarefaction they are out of phase and exhibit destructive interference

Question 21

beats

Answer 21

when two waves with slightly different frequencies overlap, they produce beats. periodic variations in loudless are called beats

Question 22

nodes

Answer 22

points with no vibrations

Question 23

antinodes

Answer 23

points of maximum vibration

Question 24

standing waves

Answer 24

formed by the interference of overlapping waves

Question 25

harmonic number

Answer 25

number of loops in the standing wave. lowest frequency produces the one-loop pattern, higher patterns occur at integer multiples of f1

Question 26

interference

Answer 26

sound waves from two in-phase speakers spread outward as alternating condensations and rarefactions