Physiology

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

• Homeostasis is the state of equilibrium in our internal environment
• It is achieved through feedback systems which contain a stimulus, receptor, control centre, effector and response

Question 2

How does homeostasis occur?

Answer 2

• There is always a stimulus which disrupts homeostasis and causes a change within the controlled conditions
• Receptors detect these changes and send the information to a control centre through nerve impulses, the brain
• The brain then decides what to do with this information and sends an output in the form of nerve impulses to an effector to produce a response

Question 3

What are the types of cell transport?

Answer 3

active, passive and vesicular

Question 4

What is vesicular transport?

Answer 4

Vesicular transport is another type of active transport. Instead of transport channels within the membrane, vesicles break off from the membrane and move substances in or out of the cell. This is a part of tissue healing and inflammatory processes.

Question 5

What is the most prevalent active transport mechanism?

Answer 5

sodium potassium pump

Question 6

What are the different types of fluid around the body called?

Answer 6

Extracellular fluid inside blood vessels is called plasma. Outside of the blood it is called interstitial fluid, until it enters the lymphatic system when it is called lymph.

Question 7

What is capillary exchange?

Answer 7

• Capillary exchange involves the movement of fluid from the blood plasma into interstitial tissue, and vice versa. As this occurs it takes o2 and nutrients out and c02 and waste back in.
• It is determined by a balance between the hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure within the capillary, known as the net filtration pressure

Question 8

How can mechanical pressure reduce swelling?

Answer 8

The lymphatic system takes excess interstitial fluid and removes it to the central circulation. This relies on mechanical pressure and may be one of the potential mechanisms that manual therapy treatments may reduce swelling within tissues and joints.

Question 9

gate control theory