PNF Techniques (Exercise Descriptions) (pg.292)

Question 1

Agonisitic Rerversals (AR)

Answer 1

[Controlled mobility, skill]

An isotonic concentric contraction performed against resistance followed by alternating concentric and eccentric contractions with resistance.

• requires use in a slow and sequential matter, and may be used in increments throughout range to attain maximum control.

Question 2

Alternating Isometrics (AI)

Answer 2

[Stability]

Isometric contractions are performed alternating from muscles on one side of the joint to the other side without rest.

AI emphasizes endurance or strengthening

Question 3

Contract Relax (CR)

Answer 3

[Mobility]

• used to increase ROM
• Patient performs a maximal [isontonic contraction] of the antagonist muscle group , moving the limb through the range of motion against resistance.
• Therapist resists movement for five to ten seconds with relaxation to follow.

Question 4

Hold-Relax (HR)

Answer 4

[Mobility]

• Used to increase ROM
• Patient performs [isometric contraction] of the antagonist muscle group
• Therapist resists movement for five to ten seconds with relaxation to follow.

Question 5

Hold-Relax Active Movement

Answer 5

[Mobility]

• Used to improve the initation of movement to muscle groups tested at 1/5 or less
• An isometric contraction is performed once the extremitt is passively placed in a shortened range
• oveflow and facilitation may be used to assist with the contraction
• upon relaxation the extremity is immediately moved into a lengthened position of the pattern with a quick stretch.
• Patient is asked to return the extremity to the shortened position through an isotonic contraction

Question 6

Joint Distraction

Answer 6

[Mobility]

• A proprioceptive component used to increase range motion around a joint.
• consistent manual traction is provided slowly and usually in combination with mobilization techniques

Question 7

Normal Timing (NT)

Answer 7

(Skill)

• used to improve coordination of all components of a task
• performed in a distal to proximal sequence
• proximal components are restricted until the distal components are activated and intiated movement.

Question 8

Repeated Contractions (RC)

Answer 8

[Mobility]

• used to initate a movement and sustain a contraction through the ROM
• Therapist provides a quick stretch followed by isometric or isotonic contractions.

Question 9

Resisted Progression (RP)

Answer 9

[SKILL]

-used to emphasize coordination of proximal components during gait.

• Resistance is applied to an area such as the pelvis, hips, or extremity during the gait cycle in order to enchance coordinationm strength or endurance

Question 10

Rhythimic Initation (RI)

Answer 10

[Mobility]

• used to assist in initating mmovement when hypertonia exists.
• movement progresses from passive (let me move you)

to

• active assist (help me move you)

to

• slightly resistive (move against the resistance)

[Movments must be slow and rhythmical to reduce hypertonia and to allow for full ROM]

Question 11

Rhythimic Stabilization (RS)

Answer 11

[Mobility, Stability]

• used to increase motion and coordinate isometric contractions.
• Requires isometric contractions of all muscle groups around a joints against progressive resistance.
• patient should relax and move into newly acquired range and repeat technique
• if used for stability RS should be a progression from alternating isometrics to stabilize all muscle groups around specific body part.

Question 12

Rhythimic Rotation (RR)

Answer 12

[mobility]

• passive technique
• used to decrease hypertonia by slowly rotating an extremity around the longitudinal axis.