1
Q
What’s The Benefício System?
A
Managed by the Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e do Porto (IVDP), classifies Douro vineyards from A to I based on soil, climate, and agricultural practices. Each vineyard is allocated a quota of must that they can fortify to produce Port wine.
Class A: 1200 points or more, 1890L/ha
Class B: 1001 to 1200 points, 1860L/ha
……
Class I: (-401) to (-200) points, from G to I, no wine can be produced, so zero liters/ha.
2
Q
Which three factors are given the most points for Cadastro points system?
A
*Location(-50-600):vineyards in Cima Corgo near Pinhão get more points than those in Baixo.
*Elevation(-900 to 240):most points are given to vineyards located up to 150m in elevation.
*Grape Varieties(-150 to 150): best varieties are including: Bastardo, Tinta Francisca, Tinta Roriz.
2
Q
Which factors is the beneficio points system Cadastro based on?
A
Total 12 factors:
1)Soil factors:
*Soil (-400 to 100points): most points given for shale页岩soil.
*Stones/rocks(0-80): more stony soil are rewarded.
*Productivity(0-120):lower productivity has higher points.
*Slope of the vineyard(1-101): the steeper, the better.
2)Climatic factors:
*Location(-50-600):vineyards in Cima Corgo near Pinhão get more points than those in Baixo Corgo.
*Elevation(-900 to 240):most points are given to vineyards located up to 150m in elevation (points decrease as the elevation increases不是越高越好).
*Windbreaks (0-60): more sheltered, the better.
*Sun orientation(-30 to 100): south-facing are best.
3)Factors concerning the grapes:
*Grape Varieties(-150 to 150): best varieties are including: Bastardo, Tinta Francisca, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Cão, Touriga Franca, and Touriga Nacional, also Malvaisa Fina, Rabigato among the whites.
*Training methods (0 to 100): closer to the ground the better.
*Vine age (0 to 60): the older the better.
*Vine density(0 to 50): the denser the better.
3
Q
Legendary port vinetage in each decade?
A
1904, 1911, 1927, 1931(exception forQuinta do Noval’s iconicNacional), 1948(magical, rare), 1955 (the best since 1948), 1963 (monumental vintage), 1970(the finest, outstanding), 1980, 1994(monumental), 2007(biggest vintage)
1980,1982,1983, 1985;
1991, 1992, 1994, 1997;
2000, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2016, 2017
4
Q
What’s VVO? Who is the leading producer?
A
Very Very Old style for Tawny port, older than 80 years.
Syminton Family, particularly with brands like Dow’s and Graham’s.
5
Q
Who created the Garrafeira style of Port? What’s Garrafeira?
A
Niepoort; Aged in cask for min. 4 years, max. 8 years, with an additional min 15 years in demijohn.
6
Q
What’s the date allow to sell vintage port?
A
1st of May in the second year following harvest
7
Q
What’s latest date to bottle vintage port?
A
Must be bottled by July 30 of the 3rd year after harvest.
8
Q
WHat’s the quota system called on Port vineyard quality?
A
Benefício (from latin: to do good with)
9
Q
What’s the quota of Port production for A class vineyard ?
A
1890L/ha
9
Q
Who is the producer of Cask 33? style?
A
Sandeman, Very Old Tawny, the blends include 30-40-60-70 year old tawny.
10
Q
What’s the point system called for Beneficio ?
A
Cadastro points system
11
Q
Who is the producer of Pisca? What’s the current name?
A
Single vineyard port made by Niepoort,from Vinha da Pisca, 80-100-year-old vines, Vintage Port.
Bioma Vinha Velha since 2008.
12
Q
What’s the synonym of Trousseau in Portugal?
A
Bastardo
13
Q
What are the 6 main grapes in Porto?
A
Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Barroca, Tinta Cao, Tinta Roriz,
Tinta Amarela(if 5 main, take out Tinta Amarela)
14
Q
What is Tinta Amarela called outside of Douro?
A
Trincadeira (especially in Alentejo)
15
Q
??How is the climate in Douro?
A
*The climate become progressively hotter and drier the further east they are
(Porto is the second wettest city in Europe with annual rainfall of 1200mm, in Régua 900mm, in Pinhão 700mm, and on the Spanish frontier is only 400mm).
*Serra do Marão马朗山脉which has 1400m high, protects the Douro region from rain-bearing winds from the Atlantic.
*climate is dry and hot continental, temperature can frequently reach 30°C even at harvest time.
16
Q
??Please name the 9 red grape varities of Douro and 6 preferred white grapes?
A
Red: Touriga Nacional, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Cão, Tinta Barroca, Tinta Amarela, Tinta Francisca, Bastardo, Mourisco Tinto.
White: Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Viosinho, Rabigato, Esgana Cão, Folgasão.
17
Q
WHich mountain protects Douro region from rain-bearing winds from the Atlantic?
A
Serra do Marão
18
Q
??What’s the tasting panel of IDVP called?
A
Câmara de Provadores
19
Q
??When was Douro appellation demarcated?
A
In 1756.
20
Q
??Which are the most process-driven wines in the world?
A
Champagne, sherry, port…
21
Q
??The production of Port is overseen and enforced by which institution？
A
Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP) = Douro Port Wine Institute
22
Q
??What’s IVDP?
A
Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto.
23
??How does IVDP grant each grower’s beneficio authorization-the maximum amount of wine that may be fortified in a given year?
*Base on 12 factors, each factor has a minimum and max. Point score associated with it, and there are a total of 2361 points available.
*Vineyards that score over 1200 are awarded an “A” grade,
*“B” vineyards score between 1001 and 1200points,
*and so on through “I” - the lowest grade.
24
??Which grade are licensed to vinify the greatest percentage of Port? How about G or lower grades?
A level sites can produce the greatest percentage of Port, G or lower grade cannot even produce Port.
25
??What’s “Moreira da Fonseca” method?
The IVDP give scores for vineyard sites, to authorize the amount of wine that may be fortified in a given year. These points are given based on 12 factors, also known as the “Moreira da Fonseca”.
26
??What are the 12 factors of Moreira da Fonseca method?
7 soil and climate factors are scored: location, altitude, exposure, bedrock, rough matter, slope, and shelter.
5 factors ralated to the vine itself: type of vine, planting density, yield, trainning system, vine age.
27
??What’s the maximum yields in Douro for red grapes? And for white grapes?
Red: 55hl/ha; White: 65hl/ha.
28
??What’s Vinhos ao Alta?
Vertical planting (allow tractor)
29
??What’s Patamares?
wider terraces that can pass tractor
30
??What’s Socalcos?
Traditional walled terraces, made by hands, stone by stones nothing else; harvest and vineyard works must done by hands.
31
??Name the three types of vineyards in Douro?
Socalcos: traditional walled terraces
Patamares(since 1970s):wider terraces can pass tractor
Vinhos ao Alta: vertical planting (allow tractor)
32
??What’s “lagares”?
Traditionally, grapes were foot-crushed and fermented in low, open granite troughs called lagares.
33
??What’s Automated treading machines?
Designed in the 1990s, open-top fermenters with pump-over systems are newer for the region.
34
When does the fortification occur for Port winemaking?
When 1/3 of the sugar content has been converted to alcohol.
35
??The wine is fortified to how much % alcohol in Douro?
To 19-22%abv.
36
??What’s “aguardente” ?
Burning water - a 77% abv neutral grape spirit.
37
??What’s the the grape spirit for fortification called in Douro?
Aguardente
38
??What’s the ratio of aguardente added in Port?
1/4=spirit/wine
38
??What’s the French term for Beneficio? What’s the purpose?
Mutage; to stop fermentation, killing the yeasts and preserving sweetness in the wine.
39
??Who created Rose Ports and when？
By Croft in 2008
40
??What’s the aging barrel called in Douro? What’s the capacity? How about in Vila Nova de Gaia? What’s the size for shipping Port?
Pipe; 550L; 620 L in Vila Nova de Gaia; 534.24 L for shipping Port.
41
??Where was port aged historically?Why this region is ideal for port aging? since which year, is is not obligatory?
In the Port lodges of Vila Nova de Gaia, a suburb of Oporto;
The cooler air of coastal Oporto is preferable to the warmer Douro DOP for long-term maturation.
Since 1986 (because modern temperature control).
42
??What’s the style of Ruby port?
Darker color, more youthful fruit and spice tones, more aggressive, fiery character.
42
??What’s the style of Tawny Port?
Naturally develops lighter, amber tones of color as it ages in wood, displays toffee, dried fruits, and toasted nuts with time.
43
??What are the two broad, fundamental styles of Port?
Ruby and Tawny
44
??Who discovered the Madeira archipelago? When?
Prince Henry in 1419
45
??Which Port house is specialized in the Tawny style?
Cálem
46
??When and who founded the house of Kopke?
Christiano Kopke, a German founded Kopke in 1638.
47
??Please name the three subzones from west to east in Douro? Which has the highest total vineyard acreage? Which has the highest density of planting? Which is the largest and most arid?
1)Baixo Corgo, Cima上 Corgo, Douro Superior;
2)Cima Corgo;
3)Baixo Corgo has highest density;
4)Douro Superior.(largest)
48
??What’s the climate of Douro Valley?
Continental climate (hot summers and cold winters).
49
??What's Portugal’s first demarcated wine region?
Douro
50
??Which is the prefered soil type for Port?
Schist
51
??What’s the sweetness levels of Port wines?
Very sweet, sweet, semi-dry, extra dry (depends on when the brandy is added to stop the fermentation of the wine)
52
??What are the categories of Tawny Port?
Tawny port, Tawny Reserve, Tawny with an Indicataion of Age (10, 20, 30, 40 years old), and Colheita.
53
??What are the categories of Ruby style Port ? (in ascending order of quality)
Ruby Port, Reserve, Late Bottled Vintage, Vintage Port
54
??What are the categories of White Port?
According to different degrees of sweetness: 6levels: extra dry, dry, semi-sweet, sweet, very sweet, and Lágrima(6levels)
55
?? WHat’s the most sweet level of WHite Port?
Lágrima
56
??How long is Ruby Port aged? Where is it aged? What’s the style?
2-3years; Aged in bulk (wood, cement, or stainless steel);
It’s uncomplicated, deeply colored, and inexpensive.
56
??There is a lower alcohol port, what is it called?what’s the style and alcohol content?
Light Dry White Port, it’s floral and complex aroma, 16.5% abv.
57
??Vintage Port?
*Most expensive style, only 1-3% of production.
*declare a vintage year only in exceptional harvests (on average, decalre a vintage three years out of every decade).
*Must be authorized by the IVDP.
*Aged in cask for 2-3years and bottled without filtration and fining.
*They are typically a blend of the finest wines from the producer's best vineyards only.
*It’s full, rich and tannic when young. Vintage Ports mature slowly and some may not reach their peak until they are twenty years or older.
*Each producer can decide whether it wishes to 'declare' a vintage. There is not always common consent as to which is a 'vintage' year. For example, some houses declared 1991 as a vintage year, some 1992 and some both.
57
??What’s another name for Ruby Reserve? How is it made? What’s the style?
1)Premium Ruby;
2)Reserve Ruby are a blend of higher quality wine, from one to more vintages, cask-matured for 5 years.
3)It has more complexity and character than a basic Ruby Port, full-bodied with richer fruit and better integrated alcohol. No need decanting.
58
??What’s a Single Quinta Vintage Port?
* is a title given to Port wines produced from a single estate (quinta) and from a single vintage.
*SQVP wines are typically produced in years when the vintage is not "declared" (In declared vintages, the vast majority of quintas devote all of their fruit to normal (multi-vineyard) Vintage Ports, leaving none for single-quinta wines).
*Is the product of one estate’s harvest.
* It offers winemakers the opportunity to explore a more terroir-driven approach to fortified winemaking.
*SQVP has flourished since 1986 when transportation restrictions were raised and smaller estates started to enter the market.
*The most famous exception to this rule is Quinta do Noval Nacional, a Port made from pre-phylloxera vines. This wine is so highly esteemed that it transcends vintage declarations.
*Wines typically spend between two to three years in barrel and are bottled without filtration and require decanting before being served.
59
WHo made a port from pre-phylloxera vines?
Quinta do Noval Nacional
60
??What’s LBV port?
*Late-Bottled Vintage Port spends much longer in barrel, 4-6 years in cask before bottling.
*A degree of oxidative aging occurs during barrel maturation, so has mellowed tones of a Tawny Port while retaining the youthful fruit and directness of a Ruby Port.
*LBV is always the product of a single vintage but the quality may vary greatly.
*The majority of LBV wines are filtered before bottling, no need decanting, do not improve with additional bottle age.
*superior styles may achieve Vintage Port quality, they are often unfiltered and may be labeled as Envelhecido em Garrafa (indication an additional mini 3 years of bottle age).
61
??What does “Envelhecido em Garrafa” mean?
Unfiltered late bottled vintage port,indicating an additional minimum three years of bottle aging (4/6 in barrel+3years in bottle)
62
??What’s Crusted Port?
*A younger, rare style of Port wine that is aged 2-4years in cask, and bottled unfiltered, leaving a sediment (crust) to form in the bottle with at least 3 years before being sold (2/4yrs in cask+3yr in bottle)
*Legally only the date of bottling may appear on the label.
*Only a limited number of houses continue to produce the style, including Fonseca, Dow's, Churchill's and Graham's (others produce unfiltered LBV Port).
*It is a fairly recent invention, aiming to provide a full-bodied, traditional style that emulates模仿 Vintage Port, but at a much lower price.
*Like a Vintage Port, Crusted Port will improve in bottle, but it’s often blended from more than one year
*No vintage dated
63
??Which Port Styles need to be decanted before drinking?
Vintage Port, Single Quinta Vintage Port, Crust Port (non-vintage dated), some premium LBV Port which is unfiltered.(Envelhecido em Garrafa)
64
??What’s Tawny with Indication of Age?
*Tawny Port may be labeled as 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 years old.
*From high-quality grapes, matured in seasoned wood.
*The age indication is not an average age of the blended wines in the bottle, but rather an approximation: for example, the IVDP judges a Port labeled “10 Year Old Tawny” to taste like a 10 Year Old Tawny, regardless of the wine’s actual age.
*The label must state the year of bottling.
*The finest of all Tawny Ports and the best are exceptionally complex and concentrated.
*do not need decanting
*The oxidative ageing in pipes results in browning and a loss of colour, and the development of aromas and flavours of walnuts, coffee, chocolate and caramel...Rancio style by 40years.
*Many Port connoisseurs prefer Tawny Port at 20 years of age, when the balance of fruit and mature characteristics is even.
65
??What’s Colheita Tawny Port?
*Is a vintage dated tawny Port that spends minimum of 7 years in cask (many stay for decades until just before sale).
66
??Which house is specialist of Tawny style Port?
Calem, who will not bottle Colheita Tawny Ports until an order is received.
67
? Some notable special Port wines?
Calem, who will not bottle Colheita Tawny Ports until an order is received.
Croft creator of Rose Port
Quinta Noval Nacional from pre-phyloxerra vines
Crusted Port: Fonseca, Dow's, Churchill's and Graham's
68
??What’s lodges?
Warehouses.
69
??Which is the finest black grape variety in Douro?What’s the style?
Touriga Nacional, low yield of small berries, full-bodied and concentrated. Only ofr the very best wines.
70
??What are the most important white grapes for White Port?
Esgana Cão, Malvasia Finca
70
??What’s another name for Touriga Franca?How is this variety?
Touriga Francesa; one of the great Douro premium grapes, in some years it can outperform Touriga Nacional.
71
??What’s the synonym of Sercial (noble variety of Madeira) in Douro region?
Esgana Cão
72
??What’s name of the wood cask for storage in the lodges of Port? What’s the capacity?
Pipe, 550L for production and maturation
Pipe, 534.24L mesurement of port when sold
73
?? What’s the abv of aguadente to fortify port?
77% abv
74
?? Where is the aguadente must be bought from?
Casa do Douro (winegrowers’ cooperative) controlled by government.
75
??Not generally declared vintages?
2009, 2008, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2002, 2001, 1999, 1998, 1996, 1995, 1990, 1989, 1988(disastrously), 1987 (few declared), 1986, 1984, 1979, 1978, 1976, 1972, 1968, 1965, 1964, 1962, 1961, 1957, 1954, 1953, 1952, 1951, 1919.
76
?? What’s the single quinta of Amorim?
Quinta Nova de Nossa Senhora do Carmo
77
?? What’s the single quinta of Calem?
Quinta do Sagrado
78
?? What’s the single quinta of Champalimaud?
Quinta do Cotto
79
?? Name the single quinta of Churchill?
2: Quinta Aqua Alta and Quinta do Gricha
80
?? What’s the single quinta of Grahams?
Quinta do Tua, Quinta dos Malvedos
81
?? What’s the single quinta of Cockburn?
Quinta dos Canais
82
?? What’s the single quinta of Croft?
Quinta do Roeda
83
? What’s the single quinta of Philippe Austruy?
Quinta da Corte
84
?? What’s the single quinta of Dow?
Quinta do Bomfim, and Quinta da Senhora da Ribiero
85
?? What’s the single quinta of Ferreira?
Quinta do Porto
86
?? What’s the single quinta of Sandeman?
Quinta do Seixo,Quinta do Vau
87
?? What’s the single quinta of Fonseca?
Quinta do Panascal
88
??How many % of the Douro region’s wine is released as Porto DOP?
50%
89
??Fortified Port from the Douro region is under which DOP?
Porto DOP
90
??History of Port and Portugal’s wine industry ?
*In 1678, two Englishmen arrived in Lamego and tasted Port wine at a local monastery. Then they sent the wines home to Liverpool and gained popularity. Because of the war between England and France in 17th Century, the trade was stopped untill 1685 but banned with heavy tax.
*In 1703 England signed the Treaty of Methuen with Portugal, establishing a long-lasting trade agreement between the two nations.By the mid-18th century, Portuguese wine accounted for nearly two-thirds of all imported wine in England, and Port was its most desirable product.
BJ: In 1703, The Treaty of Methuen gave preferential tax charges in the UK to Port over French wines, aiding its popularity.
*By 1700, English had established the Douro houses Warre & Co., Croft and Taylor’s.
But the production of Port could not satisfy English thirsts, merchants aromatized wines, added excessive amounts of sugar and alcohol, and achieved deeper color with the addition of elderberry.
*In the 1740s and 1750s the price of Port in England dropped seriously.
*In 1756, to restore English confidence and protect its own economic, the Portuguese government created the Companhia Geral dos Vinhos do Alto Douro, or Douro Wine Company , and established the boundaries and practices of the Douro appellation, grade Port vineyards分级。
*After Napoleon’s defeat战败, Britain reopened trade with the European Continent and Portuguese wines steadily lost market share to French and Spanish wines, and even beer.
*Spanish Sherry replaced Port as England’s fortified wine of choice by the late 1800s.
*In 1850s, powdery and downy mildew both struck Portugal.
*In 1867 phylloxera entered the Douro, many vineyards were not replanted, during this time the cork industry took root in Portugal.
*Early 20th century, Portugal moved to protect its wine-producing regions, establishing status for Madeira, Dão, Vinho Verde, and other areas by 1929.
*in 1937, the Junta Nacional do Vinhos was founded, combined small vineyards into a network of larger cooperatives.
*After World War II (1939 Sep 1-1945 Sep 2), two commercial brands of sweet, semi-sparkling rosé—Mateus and Lancers—became the face of Portuguese wine worldwide.
*In 1986 joined EU, With EU membership, Portugal’s co-operatives lost their monopolistic power, and government grants and foreign investment began to pour into the country
*Portugal devised a new appellation system in line with EU standards, Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC). In late 2009, the DOCs were additionally classified as Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP)
91
??The table wines and occasional licoroso(fortified) Moscatel do Douro are under which DOP?
Douro DOP
92
??What’s the Sparkling wine made in Douro called in Portugal?
Espumanto do Douro
93
??What’s the late Harvest wines called in Portugal?
Colheita Tardia
94
??How long is Ruby Port aged? Where is it aged? What’s the style?
2-3years; Aged in bulk (wood, cement, or stainless steel);
It’s uncomplicated, deeply colored, and inexpensive.
95
??What's the most exported Port Style to France?
Basic Tawny Port
96
??How is Tawny Port made?
It’s simple paler wines, do not undergo the extensive cask aging: made from lighter coloured, less extracted wines, or the addition of white Port to the blend.
97
??What’s Reserve Tawny Port?
*blend of different vintages, aged at least 7years in wood.
*far more complex, soft and smooth while retain some youthful freshness.
*Tawny Port will not improve with additional bottle age.
98
??What does “rancio” mean?
Rancio is a tasting term to describe the nutty, buttery, candied fruit flavor of Sherry and other wines. It is indicative of oxidative aging.
99
??When is the harvest time in Douro? Which grapes are harvest early? Why?
End of August and mid-October.
White Port’s white grapes is looking for aromatic compounds and acidity, so they are harvest early than red grapes.
100
??What is largar?
Lagars are wide, open-top wine fermenting tanks made from stone or neutral concrete.
101
??What does “Bica Aberta” mean?
A winemaking method for White Port, the must ferments without skin contact.
101
??What are the two methods of making White Port?
The must is macerated in contact with the skins;
Bica aberta (aberta=open): the must ferments without skin contact.
102
??When was “Port” name created?by who?
In 18th Century, by British merchants.
103
??Which country is the most important market of Port?
France(most important volume) for lighter style of Port as aperitif, the second is the UK for premium styles.
104
??How many grape varieties are recommended for Port producing? How many are authorised for the production? Which are the top five black varieties?
29 are recommended, over 80 are authorised,
Tinta Roriz, Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta/Tinto Cão, Tinta Barroca.
105
??What’s the synonym of Tempranillo in Portugal?
Tinta Roriz
106
?What does Tinto Cão bring to wine?
Small percentage of all Douro vineyards.
Small bunches of tiny grapes, it adds tannin to wines.
107
??What does Tinta Barroca bring to wines?
*It has a larger berry and larger bunch, thin-skinned so can suffer in excess heat. Produce musts with high sugar level, giving body and structure, fruitness to the wines.
*It prefers higher positions on the valley sides.
108
??What’s the alcohol content of the grape spirit which is used to fortify the Port? When is it added to the wines?
77% abv; When sugar in wine has been converted to 6%-9% abv.
109
Name the members of Douro Boys?
Quinta do Crasto, Quinta do Vallado, Niepoort, Quinta do Vale Meão,
Quinta do Vale Dona Maria .
110
Which single quinta is partnership between Chateau Cos d’Estournel and Syminton?
Quinta do Roriz
111
Which Port Brands are owned by Syminton Family Estates?
Graham’s, Dow’s, Warre’s, Cockburn’s, Smith Woodhouse, Martinez Gassiot & Co
112
Name the legendary Graham’s vintages?
legendary Graham’s Vintages as the 1944, 1948, 1963, 1970 and, more recently, the 2000, 2007, 2011 and 2016
113
Which port brands are owned by the Fladgate Partnership?
Croft, Fonseca, Taylor’s
114
Which port brands are owned by Sogrape Vinhos?
Ferreira, Offley, Sandeman
MS Study
flashcards
Decks in class (74)
# Cards
-
Champagne Producer325
-
US959
-
Cocktails32
-
Viticulture240
-
Sparkling wine222
-
Germany647
-
Northern Italy724
-
Argentina Producers162
-
Spain303
-
US New Questions123
-
Argentina GIs124
-
Questions of Argentina99
-
New questions of Northern Italy670
-
Crus and subzones of Northern Italy247
-
Producers of Northern Italy273
-
German Anbaugebiet/Bereiche/Einzellagen246
-
Questions of Portugal755
-
Portugal VR/DOC/Subzones100
-
Questions of South Africa540
-
Questions of Spain1153
-
Questions for NZ320
-
Questions for Chile455
-
Questions for Monopole of Germany97
-
Questions of Austria682
-
Questions of Bordeaux311
-
Questions of Greece410
-
Single Quinta57
-
Australia GIs154
-
Nature features of Australia34
-
Australia524
-
Australian Producers299
-
Loire Valley450
-
Loire Producer182
-
Alsace Grand Cru30
-
Alsace Producers106
-
Alsace160
-
Burgundy1000
-
Producers of Central Italy63
-
Central Italy473
-
Beer92
-
Spirits, liqueurs470
-
Producers of Southern France251
-
Jura&Savoie117
-
Sake100
-
Sub-ouest France144
-
Champagne350
-
Rhone & Southeast of France520
-
Canada&Mexico133
-
Eastern Europe&Miditerranean100
-
Hungary102
-
Switzerland119
-
Spain Producers131
-
German Producers254
-
Germany (New)522
-
Fortified wines215
-
Madeira78
-
Port122
-
Sherry (New)205
-
SWG Southern Italy330
-
Sardegna57
-
Italy 新增95
-
Australia New Suwi58
-
Spirit NEW10
-
Burgundy New206
-
German NEW375
-
South Africa - New176
-
Southern Italy - New63
-
New Zealand - New64
-
toscana new55
-
Portugal new169
-
Autria New105
-
US&Canada New 2026 Feb196
-
Sparkling of the World 2026 March117
-
Fortified wines New 26 March293
