The most common type of anemia worldwide is:
Group of answer choices
Iron deficiency anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Acute blood loss
B12 deficiency
ida
Laurie, age 28, appears with the following signs: pale conjunctiva and nailbeds, tachycardia, heart murmur, koilonychia, and glossitis. What do you suspect?
Group of answer choices
iron-deficiency anemia
Aplastic anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Pernicious anemia
ida
Mrs Smith presents with the following CBC result:
Hgb 89
WBC 5.9
Plts: 300
RBC 4.28
MCV: 70
HCT 30
MCHC 31 (not 35)
Based on these results you correctly describe this as:
Microcytic normochromic anemia
After the endothelium is injured, platelets will aggregate at the site of injury and form a plug. What stabilizes the plug?
Group of answer choices
Neutrophils
Fibrin
D-dimer
Hematocytes
fibrin
Individuals with chronic kidney disease often have anemia as well. This is because there is often a need for supplementation of which of the following?
Group of answer choices
fibrinogen
erythropoetin
B12
folate
eryth epo
Which of the following best describes D-dimer?
Group of answer choices
An enzyme that removes clots from the circulation
Decreased in oncology patients
A fibrin degradation product
A protein that breaks down iron in the body
degredation
Megakaryocytes are the precursor of which cell type?
Group of answer choices
red blood cells
blasts
platelets
neutrophils
plt
Andy is a 39 yo who was found to have a hemoglobin of 79 g/L, with microcytosis and a ferritin of 500 ng/ml. What is the next best therapeutic intervention for Andy?
Group of answer choices
B12 supplements
iron supplements
folate supplements
further testing
testing
In the coagulation cascade, activated factor 11 activates which of the following?
Group of answer choices
Factor 12
Factor 9
Factor 7
Thromboplastin
9
One of the cardinal signs and symptoms of advanced B12 deficiency is:
Group of answer choices
tingling of the hands and feet
microcytosis
hyperchromic RBC
pika
tingling
The T in the TNM staging system refers to:
Appearance of the tumour cells
Tolerance to chemotherapy
Tumour oncogenic markers
Primary tumour size and extent
Primary tumour size and extent
Which of the following play a large part in the development of childhood cancers?
Maternal exposure to stress
Environmental exposure
Poor eating habits
Gene related abnormalities
Gene related abnormalities
Why are cancer cells considered “immortal”?
Cancer cells do not grow and divide but rather continue to grow unchecked
The process of apoptosis has been “turned on”
They contain cell adhesion molecules
Cancer cells fail to inhibit telomere growth
Cancer cells fail to inhibit telomere growth
The primary adverse events associated with immune targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are related to:
Up regulation of the immune system
Stimulation of paracrine cells
destruction of rapidly dividing cells such as hair follicles
Irritation of the gut
Up regulation of the immune system
Which of the following is a screening test for prostate cancer?
Barium Swallow
Polyp biopsy
PSA
FISH
PSA
Which of the following is a characteristic of a benign tumour cell?
Ability to migrate
Cells maintain specific differentiated functions
Lacks resemblance to parent cells
Have large nucleus
Cells maintain specific differentiated functions
One of the three main treatments for cancer are?
Surgery
Analgesia
Hormone therapy
EPO supplement
Surgery
VEGF is implicated in which of the following pro-cancer activities?
Paracrine metabolism
Anaplasia
Angiogenesis
Proto-oncogene proliferation
Angiogenesis
The shortening of telomeres results in…
Cellular immortality
Apoptosis
Cancer
Proto-oncogenes
Apoptosis
You are working in a walk in clinic. Jay received chemotherapy 10 days ago and comes to your clinic complaining of high fevers. Your most appropriate action is:
Send him home and ask him to return if he feels worse tomorrow
Prescribe acetaminophen
Complete a full set of vital signs and if febrile, send to ED for further assessment
Start antibiotics
Complete a full set of vital signs and if febrile, send to ED for further assessment
What does activation of the classical pathway begin with?
Viruses
Antigen-antibody complexes
Macrophages
Mast cells
What plasma protein system forms a fibrinous meshwork at an inflamed site?
Complement
Coagulation
Kinin
Fibrinolysis
Coagulation
What is the function of opsonization related to the complement cascade?
To promote anaphylatoxic activity, resulting in mast cell degranulation
To process pathogenic microorganisms so that activated lymphocytes can be created for acquired immunity
To destroy glycoprotein cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms
To tag pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages
To tag pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages
Which of the following is NOT an antimicrobial peptide utilized as a biochemical barrier in the 1st line of defence?
Leukotrienes
Cathelicidins
Defensin
Collectins
Leukotrienes
