Potassium

Question 1

Normal potassium homeostasis and range

Answer 1

Question 2

Hypokalaemia causes

Answer 2

1. GI loss
2. Renal loss
3. Redistribution into cells
4. Rarer causes

Question 3

Summarise types of renal tubular acidosis

Answer 3

Type 1 = failure of H+ excretion at DCT
Type 2 = failure of HCO3- absorption at PCT
Type 4 = resistance to/deficiency of aldosterone

Question 4

Hypokalaemia Sx

Answer 4

Question 5

Hypokalaemia Ix

Answer 5

Question 6

Hypokalaemia Mx

Answer 6

Question 7

Hyperkalaemia causes

Answer 7

Question 8

ECG changes in hyperkalaemia

Answer 8

Question 9

Hyperkalaemia Mx

Answer 9

Question 10

How do potassium and H+ relate to each other?

Answer 10

Question 11

Acid-base approach

Answer 11

Question 12

Compare metabolic and respiratory acid-base abnormalities and compensatory mechanisms

Answer 12

Question 13

What is the anion gap

Answer 13

Question 14

Normal anion gap

Answer 14

14-18

Question 15

Mnemonic for raised anion gap metabolic acidoses

Answer 15

KULT

Question 16

Normal osmolar gap

Answer 16