Poverty

Question 1

What was the speenhamland system

Answer 1

A system whereby the rate of outdoor relief is set at the price of a loaf of bread

Question 2

When was the speenhamland system

Answer 2

1795

Question 3

By 1801 how long had the Elizabethan poor law been in operation

Answer 3

200 years

Question 4

When did the napolenomic wars begin and end

Answer 4

1793-1815

Question 5

What influential book was published by Samuel smiles at 1859 and what did it advocate

Answer 5

Self help, advocated the importance of people’s own abilities to help themselves rather than rely on state help

Question 6

When were the corn laws introduced

Answer 6

1815

Question 7

What was the purpose of the corn laws

Answer 7

The corn laws were designed to protect British farmers from foreign competition

Question 8

When were the corn laws redacted

Answer 8

1846

Question 9

Under whose ministry were the corn laws repealed

Answer 9

Robert peel

Question 10

How did the corn laws work

Answer 10

The law prohibited the importation of foreign corn until the price of domestic corn reached 10 shillings a bushel

Question 11

Why did the working class oppose the corn laws

Answer 11

Raised the price of bread the staple food of the poor

Question 12

Why did the middle classes oppose the corn laws

Answer 12

Raised the cost of employing the wc in their factories to accommodate for the price of bread

Question 13

What did the govt set up in 1832 to look at the issue of poor relief

Answer 13

A royal commission

Question 14

When was the PLAA passed

Answer 14

1834

Question 15

What is a parish

Answer 15

An area served by a parish church that was responsible for poor relief

Question 16

Give 3 reasons why PLAA introduced

Answer 16

cost to local ratepayer, attitudes towards the poor were changing, problems with speenhamland

Question 17

What did Gilbert’s act of 1782 do

Answer 17

Grouping together of parishes into unions to provide a poor house for physically unfit people rather than able bodied poor people

Question 18

Give 3 requirements of PLAA

Answer 18

Poor law commission set up, ‘less eligibility’ rule, grouping of parishes together

Question 19

What replaced the poor law commission in 1847

Answer 19

Poor law board

Question 20

What does ‘less eligibility’ mean

Answer 20

Making the conditions in workhouses so harsh than on,y the truly desperate would enter/apply

Question 21

What did Jeremy Bentham found

Answer 21

Utilitarianism

Question 22

What was Jeremy Bentham theory

Answer 22

Utilitarianism is the belief that humans are motivated by pleasure and pain and that govt action should be based on what the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people

Question 23

Why was Jeremy Bentham theory important when considering poor law reform

Answer 23

Popular amongst mc, the Whig’s and strongly influenced Edwin Chadwick

Question 24

What book did Charles dickens write about the despair and drudgery of the workhouse for children

Answer 24

Oliver Twist 1835-7

Question 25

Why did dickens book have a big impact on the public

Answer 25

Was serialised in a newspaper making it cheaper to buy, read by more people and tapped into a growing concern amongst the public

Question 26

What is philanthropy

Answer 26

General concern for the welfare of others through charity or donations to help people

Question 27

When did the Andover workhouse scandal happen

Answer 27

1845

Question 28

What was the Andover workhouse scandal

Answer 28

Harsh regime, treated more like prisoners, eating rotten bones,abuse of female inmates

Question 29

Why did the Andover workhouse scandal come to light

Answer 29

Concerns raised by local poor law guardians tk mo and home sec, role of newspaper reports by the times

Question 30

What impact did the Andover scandal have

Answer 30

The poor law commission was dissolved and replaced by a poor law board in 1847

Question 31

How many workhouses were built between 1834-1851

Answer 31

402

Question 32

How many workhouses were built between the years 1851-1866

Answer 32

100

Question 33

Give one reason why the mc supported PLAA

Answer 33

Cosy to the ratepayer, attitudes towards the poor/wc

Question 34

Give one reason why the mc opposed PLAA

Answer 34

Ideas of self help, Victorian values, Christian ethos

Question 35

When did the Huddersfield scandal happen

Answer 35

1848

Question 36

What provision did the Met Poor act 1867 provide

Answer 36

Separate medical facilities for inmates

Question 37

Which prominent pressure group leader opposed PLAA bc of the way it treated labourers

Answer 37

Richard oastler

Question 38

Why was the anti PLA movement successful in the north of England

Answer 38

Role of oastler and Sadler, the industrial north was different to the type of work in the south

Question 39

Why did the local officials enforce the riot act 1835 in Bedfordshire

Answer 39

Bc there was a violent riot opposing the PLA 1834 involving 300-500 people

Question 40

What happened to the workhouse at bulcamp in Suffolk 1835

Answer 40

Attacked by a mob of 200

Question 41

Why was the poor law more effectively implemented in the south despite opposition to it

Answer 41

No effective coordination in the north, no united front, riots not well organised, each parish had a different system, use for laws to stop unrest

Question 42

Why was the opposition in the north of England more significant than in the south

Answer 42

Industrial north different to agrarian south, poor rate in the north lower bc more people were employed, the workhouse system didn’t suit the cyclical nature of employment in factories/mills