PowerPoint 7-2

Question 1

What two things do all cells have in common?

Answer 1

1. Surrounded by a barrier called the cell membrane
2. At some point contain DNA

Question 2

What is a nucleus?

Answer 2

A large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell’s genetic materal in the fm of DNA

Question 3

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 3

Control many of the cell’s functions (like the control center)

Question 4

What are eukaryotes?

Answer 4

Cells that contain nuclei

Question 5

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 5

Cells that do not contain nuclei

Question 6

What are three characteristics of prokaryotes?

Answer 6

1. Do not have membrane-bound organelles
2. Are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryote cells
3. Bacteria are prokaryotes

Question 7

What are 3 characteristics of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

1. Larger and more complex than pro
2. Contain dozens of structs and internal membranes
3. Many eukaryotic cells are highly specialized

Question 8

What organisms are eukaryotes?

Answer 8

Plants, animals, fungi, and protists

Question 9

What are structs in euk

Answer 9

Organelles

Question 10

What do organelles do?

Answer 10

Perform specialized cellular functs

Question 11

What two parts are euk div into?

Answer 11

Nucleus and cyto

Question 12

What is cyto

Answer 12

The portion of the cell outside the nuc

Question 13

What does nuc contain?

Answer 13

All cell DNA, coded instructs

Question 14

What 4 parts in nuc?

Answer 14

1. Chromatin
2. nucleolus
3. Nuclear envelope
4. nuclear pores

Question 15

What is the nuc surrounded by?

Answer 15

Nuc envelope, made of 3 membrs

Question 16

What is the nuc membr dotted with?

Answer 16

Nuc pores

Question 17

What do nuc pores allow?

Answer 17

Mats to move i/o of nuc

Question 18

What is the granular mat in nuc?

Answer 18

Chromatin

Question 19

What does chromatin consist of?

Answer 19

DNA bound to protein

Question 20

What happens to chromatin in cell div?

Answer 20

Condenses to form chromosomes

Question 21

What do chromosomes contain?

Answer 21

The gen info that is passed from one cell to another

Question 22

What does the nucleolus do?

Answer 22

Assembly of ribosomes begins

Question 23

What do ribs do?

Answer 23

Assemble proteins

Question 24

What are ribs?

Answer 24

Small particles of RNA and protein in cyto

Question 25

How do ribs produce proteins?

Answer 25

Following coded instructs from nuc

Question 26

Which cells are endoplasmic reticulum found in?

Answer 26

Eukaryote only

Question 27

What does ER do?

Answer 27

Assemble lipid comps for cell membr, along with proteins and other mats that are export from the cell

Question 28

What does ER have on it?

Answer 28

Ribs

Question 29

What are the two ERs?

Answer 29

Smooth and rough

Question 30

What is rough ER involved in?

Answer 30

Protein synthesis

Question 31

What do smooth ER conain?

Answer 31

Collections of enzymes that perform specialized tasks

Question 32

What does smooth ER do? (2 exs)

Answer 32

Synthesis of mem lipids and detoxification of drugs

Question 32

Which cells are rough ER abundant in?

Answer 32

Cells that produve large amounts of protein for export

Question 33

Where do proteins from the RER move to?

Answer 33

Golgi apparatus

Question 34

What does the golgi apparatus look like?

Answer 34

A stack of closely apposed membrs

Question 35

What does the golgi apparatus do?

Answer 35

Mods, sorts, and padks proteins and other mats from the ER for storage in the cell of secretion outside of the cell

Question 36

What are lysosomes filled with?

Answer 36

Enzymes

Question 37

What do lysosomes do?

Answer 37

break down lipids, carbs, and proteins into small molecules to be used by rest of the cell

Question 38

What else do lysosomes break down?

Answer 38

Organelles that have outlived their usefulness

Question 39

what are vacuoles?

Answer 39

Saclike structs

Question 40

What do vacuoles do?

Answer 40

Store mats such as water, salts, proteins, and carbs

Question 41

Is there a single larlge vacuole in many plant cells filled with liquid?

Answer 41

True, yes

Question 42

What does the vacuole in the plant cell do?

Answer 42

the pressure allows plants to support heavy structs such as leaves

Question 43

Besides plant cells, where are vacuoles found?

Answer 43

some unicellular organisms and in some animals

Question 44

COME BACK TO SLIDE 37 SECOND PARA

Question 45

How many cells contain mitochondria?

Answer 45

Nearly all euk cells

Question 46

What do mitochondria do?

Answer 46

Convert chem energy stored in food into comps that are more convient for the cell to use

Question 47

What are chloroplasts surrounded by?

Answer 47

Two membranes

Question 48

What do chloroplasts contain?

Answer 48

The green pigment chlorphyll

Question 49

How are euk given their shape and internal organization?

Answer 49

By the cytoskeletons

Question 50

What is the cytoskele?

Answer 50

A network of protein filaments that help to main its shape and involved in movement

Question 51

What is cytoskele made of?

Answer 51

1. Microfillaments 2. Microtubules

Question 52

What are 4 characteristics of microfilaments?

Answer 52

1. threadlike structs made of the protein actin 2. form extensive networks in some cells 3. produve tough, flex framework to supp cell 4. help some cells move

Question 53

What are microtubules?

Answer 53

hollow structs made of tubulin proteins

Question 54

What are three characteristics of microtubules?

Answer 54

1. Maintain cell shape 2. important in cell division 3. build projections from the cell sruface-cilia and flagella-that enable some cells to swim rapidly through liquids

Question 55

What are structs only in animal cells?

Answer 55

Centrioles

Question 56

What are centrioles made of?

Answer 56

Tubulin

Question 57

Where are centrioles located?

Answer 57

Near the nuc to help organize cell div