ppt 2 Flashcards

Question 1

Q

A patient presents with a circumscribed, flat, non-palpable area of discoloration <1 cm. This lesion is best described as a:

A. Macule
B. Patch
C. Papule
D. Plaque

Answer

A

Macule (<1 cm, flat)

Question 2

Q

A flat, non-palpable lesion >1 cm is called a:

A. Macule
B. Patch
C. Plaque
D. Nodule

Question 3

Q

A small, solid, raised lesion <1 cm is known as a:

A. Papule
B. Nodule
C. Bulla
D. Vesicle

Question 4

Q

A raised, solid lesion >1 cm in diameter is a:

A. Macule
B. Plaque
C. Vesicle
D. Pustule

Question 5

Q

A fluid-filled lesion <1 cm is called a:

A. Bulla
B. Vesicle
C. Cyst
D. Pustule

Question 6

Q

A fluid-filled lesion >1 cm is a:

A. Vesicle
B. Pustule
C. Bulla
D. Papule

Question 7

Q

A lesion containing pus is best described as:

A. Vesicle
B. Pustule
C. Cyst
D. Wheal

Question 8

Q

A transient, edematous, raised lesion typical of urticaria(“Utricularia” is a genus of carnivorous plants) is called a:

A. Cyst
B. Wheal
C. Plaque
D. Bulla

Answer

A

Wheal

An urticarial wheal is the classic skin lesion seen in urticaria (hives):
- Edematous, well-circumscribed plaque
- Raised and pale in center with erythematous flare around it
- Itchy (pruritic)
- Transient: individual lesions typically last less than 24 hours
- Caused by histamine-mediated dermal edema (mast cell degranulation)

When to suspect urticaria
- Sudden onset itchy wheals
- Lesions change location and morphology over hours
- No scale (helps distinguish from eczema, psoriasis)
- If each lesion lasts more than 24–48 hrs, think vasculitis instead.

Question 9

Q

A patient has a firm, deep, palpable lesion >1 cm arising from the dermis. This is a:

A. Papule
B. Vesicle
C. Nodule
D. Patch

Question 10

Q

Thickened, rough skin with exaggerated skin lines due to chronic rubbing is called:

A. Scale
B. Lichenification
C. Atrophy
D. Scar

Answer

A

Lichenification

Repeated scratching → epidermal hyperplasia + fibrosis → skin becomes:
- Thickened
- Leathery
- Hyperpigmented or hypopigmented
- With accentuated skin lines

Common Causes:
-Chronic eczema (atopic dermatitis)
-Lichen simplex chronicus
-Chronic contact dermatitis
-Psoriasis (occasionally)
-Any pruritic condition that leads to repeated rubbing

Pathology (for med school exams)
-Acanthosis (thickened epidermis)
-Hyperkeratosis
-Dermal fibrosis
-Chronic inflammatory infiltrate

Question 11

Q

Dried serum or blood on the skin surface is termed:

A. Scale
B. Crust
C. Fissure
D. Erosion

Question 12

Q

A superficial loss of epidermis that heals without scarring is:

A. Ulcer
B. Fissure
C. Erosion
D. Atrophy

Answer

A

Erosion

Key Features:
-Partial loss of epidermis only
-Shallow, moist, glistening appearance
-Often results from ruptured vesicles or bullae
-Does not scar (because dermis remains intact)

Common Causes
-Herpes simplex or varicella-zoster (ruptured vesicles)
-Bullous diseases: pemphigus vulgaris, bullous impetigo
-Trauma: friction, scratching
-Maceration (e.g., intertriginous areas)

Erosion = epidermis only → no scarring
Ulcer = extends at least to dermis → scars

Question 13

Q

A deeper loss of skin that extends into the dermis and heals with scarring is:

A. Erosion
B. Ulcer
C. Excoriation
D. Fissure

Answer

A

Ulcer

Erosion = epidermis only → no scarring
Ulcer = extends at least to dermis → scars

Question 14

Q

A linear crack extending into the dermis is termed:

A. Fissure
B. Excoriation
C. Scale
D. Patch

Question 15

Q

A superficial, linear abrasion usually caused by scratching is:

A. Ulcer
B. Excoriation
C. Fissure
D. Lichenification

Answer

A

Excoriation

-Superficial skin damage: typically linear (“scratch marks”)
-Loss of part or all of the epidermis, but not deep enough to scar
-May appear crusted, especially if bleeding occurred
-Often intensely itch-related — secondary to pruritic diseases

Excoriation → self-inflicted, linear, superficial
Erosion → shallow loss after vesicle rupture; no scar
Ulcer → deeper (dermis or beyond); scars

ppt 2 Flashcards

(15 cards)