Practical stuff (from Salters Qs)

Question 1

what is heating under reflux

Answer 1

boiling a mixture

and condensing the vapour to return it to the flask

Question 2

describe how to set up filtration under reduced pressure

Answer 2

conical flask with buchner funnel (perforated place is covered by filter paper)
fitting into flask or tube with side arm
removal of air from the flask through the side arm

Question 3

describe how to recrystallise acid crystals using water as a solvent

describe what property of the acid this process depends on

Answer 3

dissolve crystals in a minimum of hot water
cool solution to produce crystals
filter off crystals and wash with cold solvent

depends on the acid being more suitable in hot water than cold water