Practical Theory

Question 1

What are serums and ampoules?

Answer 1

• They are essentially the same type of product
• containing concentrated and specialized ingredients designed for affective penetration into the skin
• These products are applied under moisturizers, masks for massage cream

Question 2

Describe serum

Answer 2

• Serums are concentrated ingredients that target specific skin conditions
• Chemically formulated with smaller molecules that are able to penetrate further into the skin and that’s are more effective
• serums are thin liquids made with performance ingredients such as vitamins, lipids, and antioxidants

Question 3

Describe ampoules

Answer 3

• Are small, sealed viles containing a single application of highly concentrated extracts in a water or oil base
• They are designed for a wide variety of skin types of problems
• One advantage is that they deliver highly concentrated performance ingredients in a pre-measured amount
• The vile is applied to the client‘s face with light massage movements until it’s been completely absorbed

Question 4

Why do we massage the clients face?

Answer 4

• Massage during facials benefits the client in many ways
• A variety of techniques can be used to give the best massage for each client
• Be mindful of the results you were trying to achieve when giving a facial massage
• massage is an enjoyable part of the facial that keeps clients coming back as it is relaxing and stress relieving
• A facial massage should be completed in approximately 10 to 15 minutes

Question 5

List the benefits of facial massage

Answer 5

• Relaxes the client and the facial muscles
• Stimulates blood and lymph circulation
• Improved overall metabolism and it activates sluggish skin
• Helps muscle tone
• Helps cleanse the skin of impurities and softens sebum
• Help sloth off dead skin cells
• Reduce puffiness and sinus congestion
• Helps product absorption
• Relieve muscle tension and pain
• provides a sense of psychological and physiological well-being

Question 6

List the contraindications for facial massage

Answer 6

-Skin disorders

• Severe redness or sunburn
• Inflamed acne
• Severe, uncontrolled hypertension
• contagious disorder

Question 7

What is the hand clasping method referred to as?

Answer 7

Large contact stroking or effleurage

Question 8

What should be used on top of the serum to perform in a massage?

Answer 8

“Nutri-massage”- use approximately 1 tablespoon or [15 mL]. This amount usually absorbs after about 10 minutes. More cream can be applied if you wish to continue the massage

• When using high frequency…
• hydra complex serum: this serum is more liquidy and absorbs quicker and will need to use Nutri-massage on top
• omega-3 serum: The consistency of this serum is thicker and provides a lasting lubricating effect. Nutri-massage will not be needed
• without high frequency…
  Nutrition-massage should always be used on top of the serum

Question 9

What is a purpose of masks during a facial?

Answer 9

• The main purpose of a facemask is the extra help it gives in deep cleansing or deep moisturizing on a regular basis.
• Masks can help give the skin long-term benefits.

Question 10

What are the benefits of applying a mask?

Answer 10

• Draw impurities out of the pores and clear up blemishes
• Tighten and tone skin
• Hydrate
• Nourish and calm
• Rejuvenate the skin
• Improve the appearance of the skin and refined pours

Question 11

What are the two types of masks categories?

Answer 11

• Setting: Harden and or dry

- Non-setting: do not dry, harden, or “set up“

Question 12

What are the different types of masks under these two categories? Describe them.

Answer 12

-Clay mask or setting mask [setting mask]:
deep cleanses by absorbing and drying out oils, debris and impurities from the skin. Clay also stimulate circulation and temporary contracts the pores of the skin. These masks contain clay, kaolin, bentonite or silica for their tightening and sebum absorbing effects. Stronger clay masks are used on oily and combination skin, clay-based mask with sulphur have healing and antiseptic properties and have beneficial effects on acne.

• Soft or cream mask [non-setting]: deep moisturizing for normal, normal/dry, dry and dehydrated skins. Nourishes and moisturizers due to its high oil content. These masks will keep soft throughout the application. Leave on for 15 minutes
• Gel masks: often contain hydrators and soothing ingredients in this help plump surface cells with moisturizer
• algae and seaweed masks: alginate masks are often seaweed-based. They come in powder form and mixed with water or sometimes serum. After mixing, they are quickly applied to the face and then dry to form a rubberized texture. The mask forms a seal that encourages the skins absorption of serum or cream underneath. They are professional masks and are not retailed for home use
• algae [derived from seaweed]: are also used in other types of masks and products for its moisturizing properties, ability to smooth wrinkles, and detoxification. Seaweed is high in mineral content and therapeutic ingredients

Question 13

What is the proper protocol for mask application

Answer 13

• Choose an appropriate mask for each area of the face according to its problem or entirety of the face due to its skin type
• Reply with a brush and Leave on for 10 to 15 minutes depending on skin type and depending on the mask
• remove with gauze or a hot towel and follow with an appropriate moisturizer

Question 14

What are different types of moisturizers?

Answer 14

Treatment creams and massage lotions are different forms of moisturizers. Moisturizers contain ingredients that help retain water within the surface layers of the skin.

Oil based moisturizers: are heavier and occlusive, designed to protect the surface and trap water under the cream. It is important to use a moisturizer to hydrate and balance the oil water content of the skin. Valuable ingredients included in some day creams or sunscreens. These creams are good only for incidental sun exposure. Stronger sunscreen must be used and reapplied more often.

Treatment creams: also referred to as nourishing creams, are designed to moisturize and condition the skin especially during the sleep, when normal tissue repair is taking place. Treatment creams are often heavier than moisturizers.

Massage cream: these are designed to provide slip [gliding ability] For massage while also nourishing and treating skin conditions

Question 15

What are the benefits of moisturizers and moisturizing.?

Answer 15

• Protecting the skin from the elements
• Nourishing skin through ingredients
• Balancing the oil water content of the skin
• Treating various skin conditions such as redness, ageing or dryness

Question 16

Describe sunscreens and their ingredients

Answer 16

-Full spectrum sunscreen protect skin from both UVA and UVB exposure. Sunscreens absorb or reflect ultraviolet radiation
-Compounds that absorb UVB are salicylates and cinnamate. UVA absorbing compounds are benzophenone.
-sunscreens that protect the skin from UVB include: octyl methooxycinnamate, oxybenzone, octylhomosalate, octocrylene, zinc dioxide, titanium dioxide.
Some ingredients that protect the skin from UVA include:oxybenzone, avobenzone, benzo phenomena-3, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, mexoryl, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide.

Question 17

What are two types of sunscreen?

Answer 17

• Physical and non-chemical, chemical.

- physical (non-chemical) sunscreens are broad spectrum sunscreens: zinc oxide and titanium dioxide

Question 18

What does SPF stand for?

Answer 18

SPF refers to the sun protection factor in sunscreens that delays sun induced erythema.

Question 19

Describe the importance of the SPF number [for example SPF 30]

Answer 19

• SPF two sunscreen blocks 50% of UVB rays, allowing you to stay in the sun twice as long as you could with no sunscreen
• Increasing the SPF increases the protection
• SPF 15 blocks 93.3% of UVB; SPF 30 sunscreen blocks 96.9% of UVB.
• Doubling the SPF from 15 to 30 does not double the protection
• although doubling the SPF does not double the protection, the higher SPF increases the potential for sensitivity to the sunscreen product due to the increase in the concentration of active ingredients [for example adverse effects on the skin/ stinging, and burning eyes]