Pre-practical Upper Limb

Question 1

What is the cavity of the shoulder joint called?

Answer 1

Glenoid cavity

Question 2

What cartilage is found along the rim of the glenoid cavity?

Answer 2

Glenoid labrum

Question 3

What bone acts as a link between the apical and axial skeletons?

Answer 3

Clavicle

Question 4

What is the weakest pat of the shoulder capsule?

Answer 4

Inferior part

Question 5

Name the ligaments supporting the shoulder capsule.

Answer 5

• Coraclavicular ligament
• Coracoacromial ligament
• Coracohumeral ligament
• Glenohumeral ligament

Question 6

Which bursa is continuous with the synovial cavity of the shoulder cavity?

Answer 6

Subscapular bursa

Question 7

Name the bursa of the shoulder joint.

Answer 7

• Subscapular bursa
• Subcoracoid bursa
• Subacromial bursa

Question 8

Name the muscles of the rotator cuff.

Answer 8

• Subscapularis
• Supraspinatous
• Infraspinatous
• Teres minor

Question 9

What is the scapula-humeral rhythm?

Answer 9

The scapula and humerus move in 1:2 ratio. When the arm is abducted 180 degrees, 60 degrees occurs by rotation of the scapula and 120 degrees by rotation of the humerus at the shoulder joint

Question 10

What can scapular injury affect?

Answer 10

Movement at the shoulder joint

Question 11

What movements can occur at the shoulder joint?

Answer 11

• Flexion and extension
• Medial and lateral rotation
• Abduction and adduction
• Circumduction

Question 12

What are the movements of the scapula?

Answer 12

• Elevation
• Depression
• Adduction (retraction)
• Abduction (protraction)
• Upward rotation
• Downward rotation

Question 13

What muscles are involved in depression off the scapula?

Answer 13

• Pec major
• Pec minor
• Latissimus dorsi

Question 14

What muscles are involved in elevation of the scapula?

Answer 14

• Trapezius
• Levator scapulae
• Serratus anterior

Question 15

What muscles are involved in retraction of the scapula?

Answer 15

• Trapezius
• Rhomboids
• Latissimus dorsi

Question 16

What muscles are involved in protraction of the scapula?

Answer 16

• Levator scapulae

- Serratus anterior

Question 17

What muscles are involved in external rotation of the scapula?

Answer 17

• Deltoid
• Teres minor
• Infraspinatous

Question 18

What muscles are involved in internal rotation of the scapula?

Answer 18

• Deltoid
• Pec major
• Teres major
• Latissimus dorsi

Question 19

What are the borders of the axilla?

Answer 19

Anterior
-Pectoralis major and minor

Medial
-Serratus anterior and thoracic wall

Posterior
-Scapularis, teres major and latissimus dorsi

Lateral
-Intertubercular sulcus

Question 20

What muscles does the brachial plexus emerge between?

Answer 20

Anterior and posterior scalene muscles

Question 21

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

Answer 21

• Brachial artery
• Median nerve
• Biceps tendon
• Radial nerve

Question 22

What are the borders of the cubital fossa?

Answer 22

Superior
-Imaginary line between epicondyles

Lateral
-Medial border of brachioradialis

Medial
-Lateral border of pronator teres

Question 23

Name the parts of the superior ulna.

Answer 23

• Olecranon
• Trochlear notch
• Coronoid process
• Radial notch

Question 24

Name the parts of the superior radius.

Answer 24

• Head
• Neck
• Radial tuberosity

Question 25

What ligament holds the radius against the ulna?

Answer 25

Annular ligament

Question 26

What are the superficial veins of the upper limb?

Answer 26

- Cephalic vein - Basilic vein - Dorsal venous arch

Question 27

What does the dorsal venous arch drain into?

Answer 27

- Basilic vein (medial side) | - Cephalic vein (lateral side)

Question 28

What is the course of the cephalic vein?

Answer 28

Pierces the clavipectoral fascia at the upper end of the deltopectoral groove to enter the axillary vein

Question 29

What is the course of the basilica vein?

Answer 29

Pierces the fascia in the medial mid arm to join the venae commitants which together, at the inferior border of teres major becomes the axillary vein

Question 30

Where is the radial pulse found?

Answer 30

Lateral to the tendon of flexor carpi radialis

Question 31

Where is the brachial pulse found?

Answer 31

In the cubital fossa, lateral to the median nerve

Question 32

What muscles are in the superficial anterior forearm?

Answer 32

- Pronator teres - Flexor carpi radialis - Palmaris longus - Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 33

What muscles are in the deep anterior forearm?

Answer 33

- Flexor digitorum profundus - Flexor pollicis longus - Pronator quadratus

Question 34

What muscles are found in the superficial posterior forearm?

Answer 34

- Brachioradialis - Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis - Extensor digitorum - Extensor digiti minim - Extensor carpi ulnaris - Aconeus

Question 35

What muscles are found in the deep posterior forearm?

Answer 35

- Supinator - Abductor pollicis longus - Extensor pollicis longus and brevis - Extensor indicis

Question 36

What is the main content of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 36

Radial artery

Question 37

What runs across the roof of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 37

Superficial radial nerve

Question 38

What bones form the floor of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 38

Scaphoid and trapezium

Question 39

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel

Answer 39

- Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus - Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis - Tendon of flexor pollicis longus - Median nerve

Question 40

What is the action of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 40

Abductors of the fingers

Question 41

What is the action of the palmar interossei?

Answer 41

Adductors of the fingers

Question 42

Name the carpal bones

Answer 42

- Triquetrum - Hamate - Capitate - Trapezoid - Trapezium - Scaphoid - Lunate - Pisiform