What is the independent variable?
The variable deliberately changed by the investigator.
What is the dependent variable?
The variable measured as a result of the independent variable.
What is a control variable?
A variable kept constant to ensure a fair test.
Why are repeats used in experiments?
To improve reliability by reducing random error.
What is reliability?
The consistency of results when an experiment is repeated.
What is validity?
Whether the experiment measures what it is intended to measure.
What is accuracy?
How close a measurement is to the true value.
What is precision?
How close repeated measurements are to each other.
What is an anomaly?
A result that does not fit the pattern of the data.
What is a risk assessment?
Identification of hazards
What must a results table include?
Headings
What variable goes on the x-axis?
Independent variable.
What variable goes on the y-axis?
Dependent variable.
What is a line of best fit?
A line showing the overall trend of data points.
What is mean?
The average value calculated by adding values and dividing by number of values.
What is standard deviation?
A measure of how spread out data values are from the mean.
What does a small standard deviation indicate?
Results are closely clustered and reliable.
What is percentage uncertainty?
Uncertainty expressed as a percentage of the measurement.
What is random error?
Unpredictable variation affecting measurements.
What is systematic error?
Consistent error caused by faulty equipment or method.
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction stating the relationship between variables.
What is a null hypothesis?
A statement that there is no effect or relationship.
What is qualitative data?
Non-numerical descriptive data.
What is quantitative data?
Numerical data that can be measured.
