PRELIM RESEARCH

Question 1

Defined as a formal, systematic, rigorous, and
intensive process used for solutions to nursing
problems or to discover and interpret new facts
and trends in clinical practice, nursing education
or nursing administration

Answer 1

nursing research

Question 2

This refers to research done on addressing the
health concerns of clients and the application of
research on their care.

Answer 2

nursing research

Question 3

t answers questions like:
- What can nurses do to make patients recover
faster?
- What techniques reduce stress among terminally
ill patients?
- How can nurses improve the nutrition of elderly
patients?

Answer 3

nursing research

Question 4

The nurse as a professional (education, work life,
performance)
- This refers to studies on the particular concerns of
nurses.
- Provision of quality care to patients.
- This kind of research examines the workplace,
training, and behavior of nurses. The goal is to
make nursing practice more effective, more
supportive, and better managed.

Answer 4

research in nursing

Question 5

It answers questions like:
- Are nurses happy with their jobs?
- What leadership styles make nurses more
productive?
- Do students from urban schools perform better in
board exams?

Answer 5

research in nursing

Question 6

The goal of nursing science is to

Answer 6

strengthen the body of
abstract knowledge

Question 7

As a basic tool for knowledge acquisition in nursing,
research has at least four (4) specific goals:

Answer 7

Efficiency and Effectiveness.
2. Show Value of Nursing to Society.
3. Find the Best Health Care Methods.
4. Deliver Quality Care.

Question 8

• The purpose of nursing research is to

Answer 8

advance the
science of nursing and improve real-life practice through
facts and evidence.

Question 9

a quick identification of the cause of
the problem.
Example: Patients keep developing pressure ulcers.
Why?

Answer 9

identification

Question 10

– describing a phenomenon. Nursing
research also determines the relationship between
and among variables investigated.
Example: Describe the connection between
nurse-to-patient ratio and patient falls.

Answer 10

Description

Question 11

• It answers “what” questions on the
  phenomenon searching for illustrative examples in
  order to become familiar with the phenomenon and
  understand it more precisely and accurately.
  Example: What do new nurses feel in the emergency
  room?

Answer 11

exploration

Question 12

• seeks clarification of a prevailing
  situation to answer questions that asks “why” a
  phenomenon occurred.
  Example: Why do patients skip medications?

Answer 12

explanation

Question 13

• Research projects situations or
  events that could arise from research
  investigations.

Answer 13

prediction

Question 14

Research puts up a barrier to hinder or
minimize the effects of anticipated outcomes or
reactions.

Answer 14

control

Question 15

the researcher undertakes the
investigation systematically in an ordered sequence.

Answer 15

Orderly and Systematic

Question 16

the researcher identifies and eliminates
specific constraints or limitations to ensure precise and
valid results.

Answer 16

control

Question 17

research data must be objective, precise,
verifiable and replicable.

Answer 17

emperical

Question 18

is the stage where the findings of the
study are deemed to have applicability to the entire
population.

Answer 18

Generalization

Question 19

• in-depth approach is used to ensure that all
  the possible loopholes in the study are covered. This is
  done by carefully crafting the research methodology.

Answer 19

intensive

Question 20

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH

Answer 20

orderly and systematic

control

empirical

generalization

intensive

Question 21

• cause & effect relationship
  ● ________ involves the manipulation
  of one variable (independent variable) to observe
  its effect on another (dependent variable), while
  controlling other factors.
  ● To prove whether a certain treatment or
  intervention causes an effect.

Answer 21

experimental

Question 22

describe & analyze
● Does not involve manipulation or control over
variables. The researcher simply observes,
surveys, or collects existing data to describe or
analyze what’s happening in the real world.
● To describe conditions or explore relationships
without changing anything.

Answer 22

non experimental

Question 23

partial experiment
● Also tests cause-and-effect, but lacks random
assignment. Instead, it uses pre-existing groups
(e.g., two hospital wards or classes). The
researcher still applies an intervention but does
not have full control over who gets it.
● To evaluate effects in real-world conditions when
full control isn’t possible.

Answer 23

3. Quasi-experimenta

Question 24

– mixed methods, triangulation

Answer 24

combined

Question 25

– frequency, magnitude of events ● Deals with numbers, measurements, and statistics. The data collected can be counted, ranked, or measured, and is often presented in the form of tables, graphs, and percentages.

Answer 25

quantitative

Question 26

perceptions, insights ● Focuses on understanding people’s thoughts, feelings, experiences, and meanings. The data is descriptive rather than numerical, and is collected through methods such as interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and open-ended surveys

Answer 26

qualitative

Question 27

Combination of both quantitative and qualitative approaches in a single study. Researchers collect both numerical data and descriptive information.

Answer 27

Combined – mixed methods

Question 28

To strengthen research findings by using both numbers (for objectivity) and narratives (for depth).

Answer 28

combined

Question 29

Collects data over a long period of time, often months or years. The same participants are observed repeatedly to track changes, developments, or effects ● To observe how things change or progress over time and detect trends or long-term effects.

Answer 29

. Longitudinal/prospective – future data

Question 30

Collects data at one specific point in time. It’s like taking a snapshot of a situation to describe what is happening right now. There’s no follow-up or long-term tracking involved. ● To provide a quick overview of the current condition, behavior, or opinion of a group of people.

Answer 30

Cross-sectional – present data

Question 31

Looks backward in time by using existing data, such as records, reports, or memories. ● To analyze historical data and draw conclusions based on what has already occurred

Answer 31

3. Retrospective – past data

Question 32

Also called pure or theoretical research is aimed at expanding knowledge or understanding a concept. It is not immediately applied to solve real-world problems but contributes to building theories, models, or explanations ● To generate new knowledge, explore principles, and support future studies.

Answer 32

1. Basic Research – Knowledge generation

Question 33

– improve professional practice ● Focused on solving specific, practical problems. It uses existing knowledge or theories to create real-world solutions, especially in healthcare, education, or public services.

Answer 33

Applied research –

Question 34

● To improve policies, practices, or patient outcomes by applying what we know

Answer 34

Applied research –

Question 35

– meaning of past events ● Investigates past events, trends, or practices using documents, reports, or interviews. ● To learn from history and guide future decisions

Answer 35

historical

Question 36

– community research ● Conducted in a real-world setting, outside the laboratory or hospital, such as homes, barangays, schools, or rural areas. ● To study actual behaviors or practices in real-life situations, often related to public or community health

Answer 36

field research

Question 37

– demonstration research ● Conducted in a controlled environment, such as a science lab or simulation center, where variables can be carefully manipulated. ● To test interventions in a safe, controlled way, removing outside variables

Answer 37

laboratory research