Watery Mouth
- how old
- predisposed
- CS (5)
-1-3 d/o lambs
- intensive door lambings
- 2nd and subsequent weeks of lambings
- depression/letharfy
- anorexia
- profuse salivation
- abdominal distention
- ±hypothermia
Watery mouth
- pathogenesis
- treatment
- prevention
non-enterotoxigenic Ecoli is ingested > multiplies in intestine > endotoxaemia ± bacteremia
NSAIDs (flunixin 2.2.mg/kg IV)
oral dextose/electrolyte (50ml/kg every 6 hours)
IVFT
broad spec ABs
early colostrum
hygiene
prophylactic ABs (spectinomycin or neomycin/steptomycin)
Neonatal Diarrhoea
-causes
ETEC
cryptosporidiosis
salmonellosis
enteric virus
ETEC causing neonatal diarrhoea
- age
- pathogenesis
- frequency
- control
- attachement to intinal mucosa via K99 ±f41 adherence pili > produce heat stable enterotoxin STa > secretory diarrhoea
- uncommon but morbidity & mortality is high
control:
- hygiene
- colostrum
- isolate sick lambs
Cyrptosporidiosis
- age
- CS (4)
-2-20 d/o
- acute, onset, profuse watery diarrhoea (occasionally blood tinged
- dehydration
- inappetence
- lethargy
Cryptosporidiosis
-treament
- many recover after 5-7 days
- supportive fluids
move more susceptible lambs to cleaner environment
resistent to disinfectants
possible break out next year
ZOONOTIC (children)
salmonellosis
-CS (7)
- Profuse, blood stained foetid-smelling diorrhoea
- Depression
- ± pyrexia, dehydration, dyspnoea
- rapid progression to recumbency/death
salmonellosis
- strains
- treatment
- diagnosis
s. dublin or s. typhimurium NOTAFIABLE
-IVFT
-broad spec ABs
-NSAIDs
(poor prognosis)
bacteria culture on selective medium of faeces/tissues (pm)
enteric virus
rotavirus/coronavirus
lamb dystentry
- age
- CS (3)
2-3 weeks old
- acute abdominal pain
- ± nervous signs
- ± dysentary (semi-fluid, bloodstained faeces)
lamb dysentry
- pathology
- diagnosis
- prevention
haemorrhagic enteritis
peritoneal fluid
mucosal ulceration
±focal symmetric encephalomalacia
history/CS
ELISA
bacteria culture (gram + rods)
VACCINATE!
prevent overcrowding
Joint- ill: strep dysgalactiae
lambs <4weeks old (can start 5 days)
- stiff, weak lambs
- joint NOT enlarged
- atlanto-occipital joint commonly affected
Treatment:
high doses of penicillin/corticosteroids
get all lambs out of nursery if possible
Joint ill: staph (tick pyaemia)
2-10 weeks old
lambs recently turned out onto pasture
Joint ill: erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
2-6 months old
- lame/stiff
- pyrexic
- joints NOT swollen
Treatment:
- penicillin
- vaccines
Spinal abscesses
- age
- where
- CS
sporadic occurrence in 4-12 week old lambs
abscess commonly at T2 & L3
lamb in ‘dog sitting posture’
Meningitis
- age
- CS (7)
- Treatment
sporadic occurrence in 4-6 week old lambs
CS
- not suckling
- nystagmus
- episcleral congestion
- dorsal stabismus
- weakness/ataxia > depression/stupor
- hyperaesthesia
- pyrexia
Treatment
-NSAIDs
-ABs
(poor response)
Border Disease
-CS (5)
- low birthweight
- limb abnormality (long fine bones with immobile joints)
- narrow head, short mandible with a domed skull
- nervous signs: tremor, ataxia, hypermetria
- hairy shakes: hairy and abnormally pigmented fleece
Border Disease
-infection and outcome
pestivirus (similar BVDV)
infection <60 days of pregnancy
usually foetal death/resorption
Iodine deficiency
- goitre
- scant wool
